DC Fault Control and High-Speed Switch Design for an HVDC Network Protection Based on Fault-Blocking Converters

Ruffing, Philipp; Collath, Nils; Brantl, Christina; Schnettler, Armin

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2018.2883861

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…All the 320 kV XLPE HVDC submarine cables shown in Fig. 6 are modelled using a Frequency Dependent Phase Model [18]. The control functions allocated to converter stations are:  MMC 1 regulates the DC voltage of the DC network at 640 kV, and reactive power exchange at PCC 1 at zero.…”

Section: A Meshed Four-terminal DC Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A DC fault ride-through method in MTDC grids is investigated in [18], in which a dedicated fault clearance and system restoration sequence are discussed when fault blocking converters such as the full-bridge MMC and high speed DC switches are employed. Although this approach demonstrated in [18] is known to be technically effective and practically attractive to avoid high cost of DCCBs, it does not facilitate continued operation as opening of the DC switches associated with the faulty line necessitates near zero DC current, indicating the need for complete shutdown of the MTDC grid for short period of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced Control of Offshore Wind Farms Connected to MTDC Network Using Partially Selective DC Fault Protection

Shi

Adam

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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In recent years, several DC fault clearance schemes have emerged, in which reduced number of fast acting DC circuit breakers (DCCBs) and AC circuit breakers (ACCBs) are used to clear DC faults. In offshore DC grids, such approach entails opening of the ACCBs that connect the wind farms to the offshore HVDC stations which control offshore AC voltages and frequencies, potentially leading to uncontrolled offshore voltage and frequency. Existing studies show that the loss of offshore converter due to blocking or sudden opening of ACCBs can cause significant over-voltage and over-frequency in the offshore AC grid, which could necessitate immediate shutdown of the wind farm. An enhanced control for wind turbine converters (WTCs) of the offshore wind farm is proposed to enable retention of AC voltage and frequency control when the offshore converter is lost, in which seamless transition of the WTCs between grid following and forming modes is facilitated. The viability of the proposed control is demonstrated in wider context of partially selective DC fault protection in an illustrative meshed DC grid, which includes detailed implementations of DC fault clearance, system restart and power transfer resumption. The presented simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed WTC control in preventing excessive rise of offshore AC voltage and frequency and facilitating DC fault ride-through using reduced number of DCCBs.

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Section: A Meshed Four-terminal DC Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Control of Offshore Wind Farms Connected to MTDC Network Using Partially Selective DC Fault Protection

Shi

Adam

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Different AC cables are used to reflect different distances of the WT converters from offshore PCC. This work models DC cables by detailed frequency dependent tool in PSCAD, in which the cable electrical parameters such as R, L and C are internally determined by physical dimension, insulation layers, etc [24]. Relatively, short AC cables of the offshore windfarm are modelled by simple PI sections with the following electrical parameters: R=10 mΩ/km, L=0.3 mH/km and C=0.4 µF/km [25].…”

Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Offshore MMC During Asymmetric Offshore AC Faults for Wind Power Transmission

Shi

Adam

et al. 2020

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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“…Studies of fault active control for FB-MMC using terminal voltage control and terminal current control are discussed in [14] [15]. However, those strategies cannot detect the faulty line, and thus, it has to control all the MMCs in the network out of service to decouple the fault.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Control and Protection Scheme Based on FBSM-MMC Active Current Limiting Strategy for DC Distribution Network

Zheng

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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DC faults can easily lead to overcurrent in DC distribution networks; these faults pose serious threats to the safe operation of the system. The blocking of modular multilevel converters based on the full-bridge sub-modules (FBSM-MMC) is mostly utilized to cut off the fault current. However, the blocking causes short-term blackouts in the entire DC distribution network and there are presently no effective solutions to address this problem. In this study, an integrated control and protection scheme based on the FBSM-MMC active current limiting strategy is proposed. The project includes three stages: first, MMC active current limiting strategy is used to limit the output current of the converter to about 1.2 p.u. after the occurrence of the fault (Stage 1); next, faulty lines are identified based on the asynchronous zero-crossing features of the DC currents of the two ends of the line (Stage 2); then, a fault isolation scheme based on the cooperation of converters, DC circuit breakers, and high-speed switches is proposed to isolate the faulty line (Stage 3). The distribution network can restart quickly via control of the converters. Finally, the simulation of a four-terminal flexible DC distribution network in PSCAD/EMTDC demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed integrated scheme. Index Terms-Flexible DC distribution network, full-bridge sub-modules, converter active current limiting control, current zero-crossing detection, integrated control and protection scheme.

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DC Fault Control and High-Speed Switch Design for an HVDC Network Protection Based on Fault-Blocking Converters

Cited by 39 publications

References 13 publications

Enhanced Control of Offshore Wind Farms Connected to MTDC Network Using Partially Selective DC Fault Protection

Enhanced Control of Offshore Wind Farms Connected to MTDC Network Using Partially Selective DC Fault Protection

Control of Offshore MMC During Asymmetric Offshore AC Faults for Wind Power Transmission

An Integrated Control and Protection Scheme Based on FBSM-MMC Active Current Limiting Strategy for DC Distribution Network

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