DC Microgrid Protection: Review and Challenges

Augustine, Sijo; Quiroz, Jimmy Edward; Reno, Matthew J.; Brahma, Sukumar

doi:10.2172/1465634

Cited by 64 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Additionally, false tripping is a common problem in DC microgrid because of capacitance in load . So, the major issue occurred when the circuit breaker is open during the capacitive discharge and a highly inductive system is closed during a fault.…”

Section: Challenges Towards the Protection Of Microgridmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A novel neural network‐based method has been suggested in Yang et al to take a smart decision that further decreases the latency to react. In Augustine et al, an ultrafast semiconductor device‐based fuse is proposed. It even considers the melting point and I 2 R losses.…”

Section: Protection Strategy For Microgridmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38 Additionally, false tripping is a common problem in DC microgrid because of capacitance in load. 39 So, the major issue occurred when the circuit breaker is open during the capacitive discharge and a highly inductive system is closed during a fault. Because of the above reasons, designing an adaptive grounding system model that can meet the requirements of both fault detection and personal safety is a challenging task.…”

Section: Groundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distributed generation hybrid AC/DC microgrid protection: A critical review on issues, strategies, and future directions

2020

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Summary The integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) with conventional systems emerges as an intelligent solution for providing uninterrupted and secure power even at times of high load demand. Better load management with a mature fault handling mechanism makes AC a viable option which has an efficiency of 78.24%. In contrast with less power loss and slightly better efficiency of 84.6%, DC microgrid is a reliable option in a low power environment. In order to accommodate all operating conditions and load types, a hybrid system can be designed with a theoretical efficiency of more than 90%. Bidirectional power flows, low inertia, the transition between different modes of operations are the challenges for the protection of alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) microgrid systems. Power balance fluctuation, absence of zero‐crossing currents, selection of suitable grounding, and coordination between different rating devices restrict the hybrid system to achieve the said efficiency constantly. This paper reviews in detail of existing protection along with grid‐connected algorithms for both modes of operation. Finally, the limitation, major hurdles, and future course of action for a reliable, efficient, and secure hybrid grid system are figured out.

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Section: Challenges Towards the Protection Of Microgridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Protection Strategy For Microgridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Groundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distributed generation hybrid AC/DC microgrid protection: A critical review on issues, strategies, and future directions

2020

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“…The entire shift towards DC cannot be realized without resolving the technical challenges associated with the emerging DC power systems. These challenges mainly include space charge accumulation in DC cable insulation [15], DC system protection [16], and DC system stability [17]. It should be noted that DC breakers are more sophisticated and cumbersome to manage in the case of short-circuits or unwanted transients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, during a system fault and associated opening of the circuit breakers, the arcing is largely limited in AC due to the zero crossing unlike the case of DC, where forced commutation or energy chopping devices have to be installed to dissipate the arc energy. In DC systems these arcs may be higher and could potentially be hazardous [16]. The existing era is, therefore, witnessing the reignited battle of currents with both the competitors, AC and DC, having their advantages and disadvantages, and thereby motivating the researchers to explore the various factors for comparative analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency Comparison of AC and DC Distribution Networks for Modern Residential Localities

et al. 2019

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The paper investigates the system efficiency for power distribution in residential localities considering daily load variations. Relevant system modeling is presented. A mathematical model is devised, which is based on the data from the Energy Information Administration (EIA), USA, for analysis. The results reveal that the DC distribution system can present an equivalent or even better efficiency compared to the AC distribution network with an efficiency advantage of 2.3%, averaged over a day. Furthermore, the distribution systems are compared under various capacities of solar PV accounting for the effect of variation in solar irradiation over time.

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A comprehensive review of distribution generation integratedDCmicrogrid protection: issues, strategies, and future direction

Sarangi

Sahu

Rout

2020

Intl J of Energy Research

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The evolution of small-scaled distributed generators and emerging power electronic devices opens up a new arena of power generation, distribution, and consumption. Operationally, the DC microgrid has attracted significant attention as it offers considerable safety benefits, cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, and reliability as compared to traditional AC microgrid systems. Looking at the protection aspects, the DC microgrid has some serious issues both for low-voltage and mid-voltage DC system. It needs to be focused on bidirectional power flow, non-zero crossing point, detection and mitigation of grounding faults, high value of fault current, etc., for an adequate solution. In recent times, these issues are considered by various researchers to arrive at a robust and reliable approach toward protecting the DC microgrid. But certain important areas are still out of sight for researchers. In a blend of conventional and modern approaches, there are many hindrances in developing a flexible universal protective scheme. This work focuses on the protection aspects parallel with the challenges and tried to unearth the loopholes which open up a wider area of research to develop a more robust protective architecture. An extensive review has been done systematically and chronologically keeping in mind the DC microgrid architecture, standards, protection hurdles, traditional as well as latest protective measures, and suggested some reliable improvements. In addition, the futuristic possibility to invent a novel comprehensive approach based on the best technology and techniques is presented in a more secure, reliable, and efficient protection system to combat the power system faults, keeping in view the different modes of operation and configuration of the microgrid.

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DC Microgrid Protection: Review and Challenges

Cited by 64 publications

References 44 publications

Distributed generation hybrid AC/DC microgrid protection: A critical review on issues, strategies, and future directions

Distributed generation hybrid AC/DC microgrid protection: A critical review on issues, strategies, and future directions

Efficiency Comparison of AC and DC Distribution Networks for Modern Residential Localities

A comprehensive review of distribution generation integratedDCmicrogrid protection: issues, strategies, and future direction

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