DDT-Resistant Red Flour Beetles from a Georgia Peanut Sheller1

Five days of starvation led to a significant increase in the amylase activity of sixth instar larvae of Tribolium castaneum. Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities and glucose, glycogen, free amino acids, and RNA contents showed a significant decrease. Other parameters such as glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, total protein, soluble protein, lipids, cholesterol, and DNA content did not show any significant deviation. On prolongation of starvation for 10 days all the biochemical parameters tested were significantly reduced, except for the amylase activity and cholesterol content, which showed highly elevated values. The total and soluble protein content remained unaltered. Refeeding of starved larvae tended to normalize some of the parameters such as glucose, lipids, glycogen, and DNA. On the other hand, lactate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, free amino acids, and RNA decreased drastically, whereas the soluble protein and cholesterol contents increased considerably in refed larvae.

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Tribolium castaneum: A Model for Investigating the Mode of Action of Insecticides and Mechanisms of Resistance

Rösner

Wellmeyer

Merzendorfer

2020

CPD

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: The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, is a worldwide insect pest of stored products, particularly food grains, and a powerful model organism for developmental, physiological and applied entomological research on coleopteran species. Among coleopterans, T. castaneum has the most fully sequenced and annotated genome and consequently provides the most advanced genetic model of a coleopteran pest. The beetle is also easy to culture and has a short generation time. Research on this beetle is further assisted by the availability of expressed sequence tags and transcriptomic data. Most importantly, it exhibits a very robust response to systemic RNA interference (RNAi), and a database of RNAi phenotypes (iBeetle) is available. Finally, classical transposon-based techniques together with CRISPR/Cas-mediated gene knockout and genome editing allow the creation of transgenic lines. As T. castaneum develops resistance rapidly to many classes of insecticides including organophosphates, methyl carbamates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and insect growth regulators such as chitin synthesis inhibitors, it is further a suitable test system for studying resistance mechanisms. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in research focusing on the mode of action of insecticides and mechanisms of resistance identified using T. castaneum as a pest model.

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DDT-Resistant Red Flour Beetles from a Georgia Peanut Sheller1

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Radio-sensitivity of an insecticide-resistant strain of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)

Radio-sensitivity of an insecticide-resistant strain of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)

Starvation and refeeding in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). I. Effect on some biochemical components of sixth instar larvae

Tribolium castaneum: A Model for Investigating the Mode of Action of Insecticides and Mechanisms of Resistance

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