De novo creation of fenestration and stent implantation for failed extracardiac conduit Fontan operation

De novo fenestration of extra‐cardiac fontan goretex conduit assisted by inoue balloon

“…Symptoms might worsen with occlusion of such a fenestration, and improve with reopening of such a blocked fenestration []. However, De novo creation of fenestration is uncommonly reported []. Smooth inner wall and toughness of the Goretex graft make a needle puncture difficult.…”

Transhepatic approach to create stent fenestration in the extracardiac fontan conduit in a child with dextrocardia and interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation

“…The technique for creation of a de novo fenestration of an extracardiac Gore‐Tex conduit has been previously described by Bae et al . Perforating the fenestration in the extracardic conduit can be safely performed after a few months, when the scar tissue likely fills the space between the conduit and the atrial wall and prevent bleeding .…”

Creation of a transcatheter fenestration in children with failure of fontan circulation: Focus on extracardiac conduit connection

“…However, medication alone might not be sufficient to stop clinical deterioration with development of PLE, pleural effusion, and/or ascites and to improve the patient's clinical condition. Several studies suggest that a Fontan baffle or conduit fenestration might represent an additional treatment option . Conduit fenestration allows unsaturated blood to bypass the lung, resulting in reduced systemic venous pressure and augmented systemic cardiac output at the cost of systemic arterial blood oxygen desaturation.…”