Dead wood diversity in a Norway spruce forest from the Calimani National Park (Eastern Carpathians)

Vlad, Radu; Sidor, Cristian Gheorghe; Lucian, Dinca; Constandache, Cristinel; Grigoroaea, D.; Ispravnic, Alexandra; Pei, Gheorghe

doi:10.46490/vol25iss2pp238

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Studies on the AGB and CS in relation to other variables, such as altitude, are crucial for understanding the importance of virgin forests in slowing global warming. Our research, along with other studies [27,62,70], highlights that the DW biomass decreases with altitude and, implicitly, with air temperature [69].…”

Section: Descriptive Statisticssupporting

confidence: 77%

Importance of Dead Wood in Virgin Forest Ecosystem Functioning in Southern Carpathians

Chivulescu

Pitar

Apostol

et al. 2022

Forests

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Dead wood (DW) is an important component of sustainable forest management and climate change mitigation. Three research plots (each with an area of 1 ha), located in virgin forests in the Southern Carpathians (Semenic P20, Retezat–Zănoaga, and Făgăraș–Șinca), were installed in order to study the synergies between DW and climate change mitigation effects. Data on the dendrometric characteristics of standing and lying DW, the species, and the degree of decay were recorded. The aboveground biomass (AGB) and carbon stock (CS) of the DW were also determined. The DW volume was between 48 m3·ha−1 and 148 m3·ha−1, with the total volume (dead and alive) ranging between 725 m3·ha−1 and 966 m3·ha−1. The DW volume distribution shows a decreasing trend, with the most suitable theoretical distributions for describing this being the lognormal, the 2P Weibull, and the 2P-Gamma. The AGB ranged between 17 t·ha−1 and 30 t·ha−1 and showed a decreasing trend according to altitude. The CS was between 8 t·ha−1 and 14.33 t·ha−1. A slow decomposition rate for the hardwood was identified by analyzing the relationship between the surface and volume of the DW. This highlighted the capacity of DW to store carbon for a long period of time.

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Section: Descriptive Statisticssupporting

confidence: 77%

Importance of Dead Wood in Virgin Forest Ecosystem Functioning in Southern Carpathians

Chivulescu

Pitar

Apostol

et al. 2022

Forests

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“…However, the overall area of parks and reserves is relatively small (approximately 4% of the afforested area of Poland) as compared to that of managed forests. Given the well-established differences between managed and unmanaged woodland [40][41][42], it is little wonder that favorable volumes of deadwood as defined under Natura 2000 are usually found in the latter. In turn, in managed forests, deadwood volume mostly depends on the adopted management principles and their implementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Deadwood Microsites in Areas Designated under the Habitats Directive (Natura 2000)

Bujoczek

Zięba

Bujoczek

2020

Forests

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The continuing decline in biodiversity presents a major environmental protection challenge. The conservation of sufficiently extensive and diverse habitats requires an array of coordinated actions, often involving large areas. While a set of conservation objectives have been defined for the Natura 2000 network, no universal methods of accomplishing them have been specified, and so they must be designed by individual Member States. Deadwood volume and the density of large deadwood pieces are widely used for evaluating the quality of forest habitat types designated under the Habitats Directive. In the present study, data from 5557 sample plots were used to evaluate the mean values of the two deadwood indicators as well as the ratio of deadwood volume to living tree volume for each of the 13 habitat types in Poland. In addition, a logistic regression model was constructed to evaluate the effects of terrain, site, and tree stand characteristics as well as protection type on deadwood volume in Natura 2000 areas. Mean deadwood volume varied greatly between habitat types, with the lowest values found for Central European lichen Scots pine forests (91T0–2.5 m3 ha−1) and Old acidophilous oak woods (9190–4.4 m3 ha−1), and the highest for Riparian mixed forests (91F0–43.1 m3 ha−1) and Acidophilous Picea forests of the montane to alpine levels (9410–55.4 m3 ha−1). The ratio of deadwood volume to living tree volume ranged from approx. 1%–17%. Additionally, the presence of large deadwood differed among habitat types: in some, there were no deadwood pieces with a diameter of ≥50 cm, while their maximum density was 6.1 pieces ha−1. The logistic regression model showed that the likelihood of a habitat type to have a ‘favorable conservation status’ as defined by deadwood abundance (a threshold of at least 20 m3 ha−1 according to Polish manuals on habitat type evaluation) increased with sample plot elevation, site fertility, and moisture, as well as stand age and volume. Positive effects were also observed for forests under strict and active protection versus managed forests. Planned efforts are necessary to enhance the quality of habitats with insufficient deadwood, especially in managed forests. Special attention should be given to areas that are readily accessible due to gentle terrain and low site moisture. Furthermore, younger stands on less fertile sites may require intervention to promote deadwood accumulation. We recommend retaining a certain proportion of mature stands until natural death and decomposition. Increasing the density of large deadwood is currently one of the most pressing conservation needs in most habitat types.

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Analysing pine forest ecosystems from Transylvania in the context of future Climatic Changes

Crisan

Dincă

Breaban

et al. 2021

Present Environment and Sustainable Development

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A climatic modelling program was used in order to see the extent of changes in future climatic conditions. This can realize prognosis for certain climatic factors that cause extreme climatic phenomena concerning forest ecosystems. The program was applied for forest ecosystems comprised of Scots pine, installed and inventoried on sample surfaces from Transylvania. Simulations were then created within two future climatic scenarios. Two scenarios were chosen: the climatic scenario in which the increase of greenhouse gases would be moderate (rcp-4.5) and the climatic scenario in which the increase would be accentuated (rcp-8.5). The data was then processed, resulting in an analysis focused on the results of future climatic changes on forest ecosystems located in the studied area. By analyzing all three pine stands, we can conclude that the Lechinta stand is the most vulnerable one if the two climatic parameters change. It is necessary to verify and use future climatic scenarios for other areas that have the same species, as well as for other species, in order to see how they will be affected. These results can be used for applying the best management measures for current stands as well as for establishing decisions for installing future stands at a national level.

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Dead wood diversity in a Norway spruce forest from the Calimani National Park (Eastern Carpathians)

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Importance of Dead Wood in Virgin Forest Ecosystem Functioning in Southern Carpathians

Importance of Dead Wood in Virgin Forest Ecosystem Functioning in Southern Carpathians

Variation in Deadwood Microsites in Areas Designated under the Habitats Directive (Natura 2000)

Analysing pine forest ecosystems from Transylvania in the context of future Climatic Changes

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