Deadly Symbiosis: When Ghetto and Prison Meet and Mesh

Wacquant, Loïc

doi:10.4135/9781446221228.n8

Cited by 449 publications

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“…Yet the first fifteen years of the 21 st century has seen an explosion of anger and angst around the historical reconfiguration of criminal justice practices as "the new Jim Crow" (Alexander, 2011), as a new "carceral continuum" between the ghetto and the prison (Wacquant, 2001), and as a refined mechanism of colonial oppression and subjugation (Agozino, 2004;Tauri and Porou, 2014). It is thus not surprising that many new social movements are focused on the problem of criminal justice as a primary means of social segregation and social marginalization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four Challenges in the Future of Restorative Justice

Wood

Suzuki

2016

Victims & Offenders

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Restorative justice (RJ) emerged in the late 1970s as an alternative to conventional youth and criminal justice practices. Since this time, RJ has experienced rapid growth in theory and practice. At the same time, much of this growth has come from expansion in lower-end criminal justice responses to crime, and in the increasing use of the term "restorative" for a widening host of practices and interventions. RJ has also faced problems related to its increasing institutionalization, resulting in divergence from earlier aims and goals. In this paper, we set forth what we see as the four biggest challenges facing the future of RJ, namely problems related to definition, institutionalization, displacement and relevance of RJ practices.We follow with discussion of possible future directions of RJ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four Challenges in the Future of Restorative Justice

Wood

Suzuki

2016

Victims & Offenders

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“…That parents and children spend much of their lives in similar residential environments suggests, for instance, that there is the potential for "ecologically structured norms" (Sampson and Wilson 1995) to extend across generations. Wacquant's (2001) work on the ghetto as an instrument for social exclusion, and Wilson's (1996) concept of social isolation become more powerful when we consider that the vast majority of black families living in America's poorest neighborhoods come from families that have lived in a similar environment for generations. In this sense, continuity of the neighborhood environment, in addition to continuity of individual economic status, may be especially relevant to the study of cultural patterns and social norms among disadvantaged populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intergenerational Transmission of Context

Sharkey

2008

American Journal of Sociology

310

303

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This article draws on the extensive literature on economic and social mobility in America to examine intergenerational contextual mobility, defined as the degree to which inequalities in neighborhood environments persist across generations. PSID data are analyzed to reveal remarkable continuity in neighborhood economic status from one generation to the next. The primary consequence of persistent neighborhood stratification is that the racial inequality in America's neighborhoods that existed a generation ago has been transmitted, for the most part unchanged, to the current generation. More than 70% of black children who grow up in the poorest quarter of American neighborhoods remain in the poorest quarter of neighborhoods as adults, compared to 40% of whites. The results suggest that racial inequality in neighborhood economic status is substantially underestimated with short-term measures of neighborhood income or poverty and, second, that the steps taken to end racial discrimination in the housing and lending markets have not enabled black Americans to advance out of America's poorest neighborhoods.A long and rich tradition of research in the social sciences is devoted to describing and explaining patterns of social and economic mobility in 1 I thank Robert Sampson, William Julius Wilson, and Chris Winship for their critical input on this project. I am also grateful for feedback from audiences at several universities at which I presented the paper. I received particularly detailed and valuable comments from Xavier de

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“…Moreover, a focus on NIMBYism obscures the social, cultural and economic context of development (Gilmore, 2007;Freudenberg and Pastor, 1992;Lake, 1993). Consideration of the wider context is crucial in the case of prison siting because of the rapid expansion of prison construction in the 1980s and 1990s and the investigation of this as a forced migration and containment of society's least desirable members (Davis, 2003;Hooks, Mosher, et al 2004;Wacquant, 2001). Ellis (2004) reaches past essentialism of local opposition to identify multiple 'discourses of objection' in his case study set in Ireland.…”

Section: Communities Prisons and Plannersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siting Prisons, Sighting Communities: Geographies of Objection in a Planning Process

Armstrong

2014

Environ Plan A

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This article reviews the planning process for a Scottish prison located near a former mining village. Analysing the letters of objection submitted by residents offers an opportunity to explore local views about prison and community and to relate these to the unique social and spatial history of the area. The planning process itself structured how residents were able to express themselves and defined what counted as a relevant objection. After deconstructing this process, the article then restores and uses as a framework for analysis three geographies of objection stripped from local responses to the development proposal: the emotional, temporal and spatial. Emotional expressions of objection added intensity and gave meaning to claims about the historical decline of the region and also conveyed a deep sense of the proposed building site as a lived space. Particular grounds of opposition -over fear of strangers, the fragility of a local orchid, and the pollution from mining -provide an opportunity to explore the complex nature of place meaning and community identity, ultimately leading to a conclusion that the meaning of place is always in flux. The paper srgues that Simmel's classic concept of the Stranger, as the outsider who comes to stay, offers a useful analytic in understanding how the quality of proximal remoteness that prisons and other unwanted developments constitute participate in a constantly evolving sense of the local.

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Deadly Symbiosis: When Ghetto and Prison Meet and Mesh

Cited by 449 publications

References 0 publications

Four Challenges in the Future of Restorative Justice

Four Challenges in the Future of Restorative Justice

The Intergenerational Transmission of Context

Siting Prisons, Sighting Communities: Geographies of Objection in a Planning Process

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