Death due to ingestion of nicotine-containing solution: Case report and review of the literature

Solarino, Biagio; Rosenbaum, Frank; Riesselmann, Benno; Buschmann, C.; Tsokos, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.11.003

Cited by 55 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The authors think that these results show the decedent died shortly before nicotine metabolism and urinary excretion and that he was a non-smoker. This is also supported by a much higher blood nicotine concentration in the present case than that in the previously reported case [2][3][4]. In the present case, the liver concentration was much higher than the peripheral blood concentration, a finding similar to that of previous reports [5].…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

“…Urakawa et al [5] reported that skeletal muscle is considered to be the most suitable tissue sample for toxicological examination of nicotine, when blood samples are not feasible. The most common mechanisms of death from nicotine intoxication are cardiovascular arrest and respiratory failure due to peripheral neuromuscular blockade [4]. In the present case, the pathological findings, including froth in the airway, congested internal organs, and edematous lungs, are consistent with death from cardiorespiratory failure secondary to drug poisoning.…”

supporting

confidence: 59%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Letter to the Editor Regarding the Article "Suicidal Death by Nicotine Poisoning" by Jun et al.

Park

Kim

et al. 2015

Korean J Leg Med

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supporting

confidence: 92%

supporting

confidence: 59%

Letter to the Editor Regarding the Article "Suicidal Death by Nicotine Poisoning" by Jun et al.

Park

Kim

et al. 2015

Korean J Leg Med

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“…Though antemortem, the blood nicotine and cotinine levels detected in our case are consistent with prior reports of death from intentional nicotine exposures, which have primarily been oral exposures. One report documented postmortem blood nicotine and cotinine levels of 2,200 ng/ mL, while another case reported blood nicotine levels of 3,700 ng/mL [16,17]. A case series of two suicides by ingestion of nicotine-containing solutions found postmortem blood nicotine levels of 5,500 ng/mL and 1,100 ng/mL [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal Intravenous Injection of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Refilling Solution

2014

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“…The number of case reports regarding toxicity of nicotine-containing solutions is constantly growing in the scientific literature. [13][14][15][16] Moreover, a recent study investigating the nicotine concentration of several nicotine-containing solutions has concluded that these mixtures could be toxic or lethal if taken other than as directed, even at potentially lower levels of nicotine than expected using manufacturer specifications. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to “Comment on E-Cigarettes and Cardiovascular Risk: Beyond Science and Mysticism”

Lippi

Cervellin

Favaloro

2014

Semin Thromb Hemost

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The letter referring to our article 1 on the effect of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarette) on human health by Farsalinos et al is both interesting and of value.2 The authors basically argue against two issues that we discussed in our previous narrative review, that is, the cardiovascular risk attributable to nicotine and the effective toxicity of liquid nicotine present in e-cigarettes. Besides the fact that the biological evidence available on e-cigarette smoking remains to date rather limited, some aspects need to be highlighted. data about the cardiovascular potential of nicotine are contradictory. Besides episodic case reports of patients developing acute myocardial infarction while using nicotine patches, 6,7 additional population studies described a high rate of cardiovascular complications in patients using these sticking plasters. 8,9 Even from a biological perspective, the statement that nicotine has minimal effects in initiating and propagating atherosclerosis is questionable, as recent studies have shown that this compound binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and accelerates the atherogenic process. 10 Therefore, although we would agree that nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) present a lesser hazard than continuing to smoke because there exists unquestionable data supporting that use of NRTs carries much lower risks than traditional tobacco smoking, our leading concern relates to the potential health effects of these devices on adolescent and nonsmokers. 11 After decades of effective work to reduce cigarette smoking, the widespread availability of e-cigarettes raises the question of whether these devices are reintroducing a form of smoking to many adolescents, who may respond positively to advertising claims that e-cigarettes are safe.12 Once accustomed to e-cigarettes use, they may then be subjected to adverse side effects of these devices or, even worse, prompted to shift to traditional tobacco smoking. We also dispute the statement by the authors 2 that we have exaggerated the toxicity of liquid nicotine present in ecigarettes. The number of case reports regarding toxicity of nicotine-containing solutions is constantly growing in the scientific literature. [13][14][15][16] Moreover, a recent study investigating the nicotine concentration of several nicotine-containing solutions has concluded that these mixtures could be toxic or lethal if taken other than as directed, even at potentially lower levels of nicotine than expected using manufacturer specifications. 17,18

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Death due to ingestion of nicotine-containing solution: Case report and review of the literature

Cited by 55 publications

References 27 publications

Letter to the Editor Regarding the Article "Suicidal Death by Nicotine Poisoning" by Jun et al.

Letter to the Editor Regarding the Article "Suicidal Death by Nicotine Poisoning" by Jun et al.

Fatal Intravenous Injection of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Refilling Solution

Response to “Comment on E-Cigarettes and Cardiovascular Risk: Beyond Science and Mysticism”

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