Decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE‐209) and/or BDE‐47 exposure alters protein expression in purified neural stem/progenitor cells determined by proteomics analysis

Abstract

Polybrominateddiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely utilized as the additive brominated flame retardants in electronic devices, furniture, plastics, rubber foam, and textiles, which exhibit many negative biological effects, especially potential toxic effects on neurodevelopment. In the present study, we applied a proteomics approach to study the effects of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and/or tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on the expression of proteins extracted from neural stem/progenitor cells and further explored mechanisms on neurodevelopmental toxicity. We sub-cultured 3-4 generations of neural stem/progenitor cells which were exposed to BDE-209 and/or BDE-47. After a 72-h exposure, we applied two-dimensional gel (2-DE) to identify differentially expressed proteins and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to determine the protein identity of 25 spots. Western blot analysis was applied to determine the expression of cofilin-1 and vimentin. A total of 39 differential expression protein spots were identified by 2-DE after BDE-209 and/or BDE-47 exposure in the neural stem/progenitor cells, and 19 differentially expressed proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Western blot analysis revealed that cofilin-1 and vimentin were differentially expressed in all groups. Expression of both proteins was decreased when the neural stem/progenitor cells were exposed to BDE-209 and were absent when exposed to both BDE-47 and BDE-209. BDE-209 and/or BDE-47 might alter the expression of some proteins of neural stem/progenitor cells. Nineteen proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS, which will provide a useful basis for further study of the mechanisms underlying PBDE-mediated neurotoxicity.

DNA methylation and copy number variation analyses of human embryonic stem cell–derived neuroprogenitors after low-dose decabromodiphenyl ether and/or bisphenol A exposure

“…1,2 BDE-209, a polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE), is commonly added as a flame retardant in plastics, textiles, clothes, and electric and electronic equipment despite evidence from animal studies demonstrating its potential developmental neurotoxicity. 3,4 In recent years, BDE-209 has been detected in human serum, semen, placenta, cord blood, and notably in aborted fetuses, 5 –7 consistent with preclinical findings of its presence in brains of rats born to dams with BDE-209 exposure during pregnancy. 8,9 As such, it is worrisome that prenatal or postnatal exposure to BDE-209 may potentially delay neurological development in human neonates.…”

Developmental Exposure to a Commercial PBDE Mixture: Effects on Protein Networks in the Cerebellum and Hippocampus of Rats

“… Mukherjee et al (2013) reported a similar increase in cytoskeletal proteins (tubulin beta chain and actin) following BDE-47 exposure in the snail, Crepidula onyx . In neural stem/progenitor cells, BDE-209 and/or BDE-47 decreased the expression of cytoskeletal proteins such as cofilin-1 and vimentin ( Song et al 2014 ). Together, these data suggest perturbed neuronal processes, either as a disruption of normal neurite outgrowth or possibly as a repair response to the DE-71–induced neurotoxic effects, in agreement with the study of Viberg and Eriksson (2011) in which changes in proteins involved in maturation of brain, neuronal growth, and synaptogenesis were associated with changes in learning and memory resulting from PBDE exposure.…”

The protective effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 on neurochemical phenotypes of dorsal root ganglion neurons with BDE-209-induced neurotoxicity in vitro

“…PBDEs exhibit many negative biological effects, especially potential toxic effects on neurodevelopment (Song et al, 2014). It has been shown that exposure to PBDEs may be a potential risk factor for neurological disorders (Bradner et al, 2013).…”

“…Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are one of the most common types of brominated flame retardants applied to electronic devices, furniture, foams, plastics, and textiles to prevent fires (He et al, 2011; Stasinska et al, 2013). PBDEs exhibit many negative biological effects, especially potential toxic effects on neurodevelopment (Song et al, 2014). It has been shown that exposure to PBDEs may be a potential risk factor for neurological disorders (Bradner et al, 2013).…”