Decadal Changes of Wind Stress over the Southern Ocean Associated with Antarctic Ozone Depletion

Yang, Xiangwei; Huang, Rui Xin; Wang, Dong Xiao

doi:10.1175/jcli4195.1

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…With the SAM shifting toward a higher index state over the past several decades due to the Antarctic ozone depletion, the westerly wind stress over the Southern Ocean exhibits a strengthening trend [28]. The response of the ACC strength to this trend remains to be explored in further studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Interannual variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength based on merged altimeter data

Zhang

Sun

2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Interannual variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) strength is studied in stream-coordinate with twenty-year Absolute Dynamic Topography data from satellite altimetry. The stream-coordinate projection method separates the ACC from adjacent subtropical and subpolar gyres, enabling consideration of the zonal asymmetry of the ACC rather than assuming that the ACC is a purely zonal flow. It is shown that the ACC strength has large interannual variations with two recent peaks around 2000 and 2009. The interannual variability appears mainly in the Indo-Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean and the strongest signal is located south of Australia. The intensification of the westerly wind in 1998 and 2008 appears to cause the strengthening of the ACC via baroclinic processes. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) connects the world's three major ocean basins and is a key element in the global thermohaline circulation. The inter-basin exchange provided by the ACC redistributes heat, salt and other properties in the world's ocean. Therefore, changes in the ACC exert significant influences on the global climate system. Much work has attempted to quantify the transport and variability of the ACC based on hydrography and numerical models. (Figure 1), and therefore zonal transport estimates by previous studies are strongly influenced by adjacent subtropical and subpolar gyres and cannot solely represent the strength of the ACC. Moreover, the data sets used in previous studies are insufficient to map the interannual variability of the ACC, and sampling with a frequency significantly higher than weekly is required to obtain reliable estimates of the ACC variability at interannual periods [8]. Therefore, limited by the in-situ observations and data processing methods, few extant studies give reliable estimates of the interannual variability of the ACC strength. Recently a stream-coordinate method was developed to study the ACC by projecting hydrographic data into a stream function space [7,9]. The method isolates the ACC from its adjacent subtropical and subpolar gyres. It also considers the zonal asymmetry of the ACC path rather than simply assume that the ACC is a purely zonal current. It was found that the baroclinic structure and baroclinic transport of the ACC were very stable. But given a constant volume transport, the ACC strength can still change due to

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Interannual variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength based on merged altimeter data

Zhang

Sun

2012

Chin. Sci. Bull.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact, the strong seasonality of the stratosphereÁ troposphere coupling and the lower-stratospheric circulation, occurring most likely in late spring/early summer (OctoberÁJanuary), has been widely acknowledged (Yang et al, 2007). The stratosphereÁtroposphere coupling is favoured by the vertical wave propagation, taking place when the background zonal flow is westerly and below a threshold value (Charney and Drazin, 1961); in the Southern Hemisphere, this occurs preferentially in late spring/early summer, when the polar vortex breaks up and in the autumn, when it is building up (Thompson and Solomon, 2002).…”

Section: Aerosol Chemistry and Potential Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on nitrate sources at Dome C (East Antarctic Plateau) from multi-year aerosol and snow records

Udisti¹,

Frosini²,

Becagli³

et al. 2014

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C THere we present the first multi-year record of nitrate in the atmospheric aerosol (2005Á2008) and surface snow (2006Á08) from central Antarctica. PM10 and size-segregated aerosol, together with superficial snow, have been collected all year-round at high resolution (daily for all the snow samples and for most of aerosol samples) at Dome C since the 2004/05 field season and analysed for main and trace ionic markers. The suitability of the sampling location in terms of possible contamination from the base is shown in detail. In spite of the relevance of nitrate in Antarctic atmosphere, both for better understanding the chemistry of N cycle in the plateau boundary layer and for improving the interpretation of long-term nitrate records from deep ice core records, nitrate sources in Antarctica are not well constrained yet, neither in extent nor in timing. A recurring seasonal pattern was pointed out in both aerosol and snow records, showing summer maxima and winter minima, although aerosol maxima lead the snow ones of 1Á2 months, possibly due to a higher acidity in the atmosphere in mid-summer, favouring the repartition of nitrate as nitric acid and thus its uptake by the surface snow layers. On the basis of a meteorological analysis of one major nitrate event, of data related to PSC I extent and of irradiance values, we propose that the high nitrate summer levels in aerosol and snow are likely due to a synergy of enhanced source of nitrate and/or its precursors (such as the stratospheric inputs), higher solar irradiance and higher oxidation rates in this season. Moreover, we show here a further evidence of the substantial contribution of HNO 3 /NOx re-emission from the snowpack, already shown in previous works, and which can explain a significant fraction of atmospheric nitrate, maintaining the same seasonal pattern in the snow. As concerning snow specifically, the presented data suggest that nitrate is likely to be controlled mainly by atmospheric processes, not on the daily timescale but rather on the seasonal one.

show abstract

“…The only obvious long-term trend occurs in the southern extratropics. Hence, a large portion of the global scale increase is due to changes in this region, related to the intensification of the Antarctic circumpolar circulation (Yang et al 2007;Fig. 2.23b to dynamical teleconnections from the Indo-Pacific region to higher latitudes in both hemispheres.…”

Section: Atmospheric Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Climate in 2008

Peterson¹,

Baringer²

2009

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Decadal Changes of Wind Stress over the Southern Ocean Associated with Antarctic Ozone Depletion

Cited by 52 publications

References 64 publications

Interannual variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength based on merged altimeter data

Interannual variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength based on merged altimeter data

Insights on nitrate sources at Dome C (East Antarctic Plateau) from multi-year aerosol and snow records

State of the Climate in 2008

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About