Decade-scale changes of soil carbon, nitrogen and exchangeable cations under chaparral and pine

Ulery, April; Graham, Robert C.; Chadwick, Oliver A.; Wood, Hulton B.

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(94)00034-8

Cited by 84 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Soil acidity usually decreases after fire due to the destruction of organic acids and the contribution of carbonates, bases and oxides from ash (Kutiel et al, 1990;Ulery et al, 1995;Granged et al, 2011a, b). After high-intensity fire and reduction of soil organic matter by combustion, pH can increase significantly in 4 or 5 units (Ulery et CIG 40 (2), 2014, p. 311-331, ISSN 0211-6820 al., 1995) mainly due to the loss of OH-groups from clay minerals, the formation of oxides (Giovannini et al, 1988(Giovannini et al, , 1990, release of cations (Giardina et al, 2000;Arocena and Opium, 2003;Dikici and Yilmaz, 2006) or replacement of protons in the cation exchange complex (Arocena and Opio, 2003;Terefe et al, 2008).…”

Section: Soil Aciditymentioning

confidence: 99%

How wildfires affect soil properties. A brief review

Zavala

Celis

Jordán

2014

CIG

122

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ABSTRACT.Wildfires may produce several changes in the short-and longterm in the landscape and in the soil system. The magnitude of these changes induced by fire in the components of ecosystems (water, soil, vegetation and fauna) depends on fire properties (fire intensity and severity) and environmental factors (vegetation, soil, geomorphology, etc.) Cómo afectan los incendios a las propiedades del suelo. Una breve revisión (vegetación, suelos, geomorfología, etc.) RESUMEN. Los incendios forestales pueden producir varios cambios a corto y largo plazo en el paisaje y en el sistema suelo. La magnitud de estos cambios inducidos por el fuego en los componentes de los ecosistemas (agua, suelo, vegetación y fauna) depende de las propiedades del incendio (intensidad y severidad del fuego) y ambientales

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Section: Soil Aciditymentioning

confidence: 99%

How wildfires affect soil properties. A brief review

Zavala

Celis

Jordán

2014

CIG

122

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“…These megascolecids, including Diplocardia mississippiensis, influence nutrient cycling in fire-controlled pinelands [65,66]. Populations of European lumbricids along with native megascolecids are found in fire-affected Southern California chapparal soils [67,68], where they also are important to nutrient availability [69]. In tropical regions, populations of the peregrine earthworm species, P. corethrurus, are capable of translocating charcoal residues from slash-and-burn land clearings deeper into the soil profile [70].…”

Section: Historical Impacts and Other Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Biochar on Earthworm Populations: A Review

Weyers

Spokas

2011

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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Despite the overwhelming importance of earthworm activity in the soil system, there are a limited number of studies that have examined the impact resulting from biochar addition to soil. Biochar is part of the black carbon continuum of chemothermal converted biomass. This review summarizes existing data pertaining to earthworms where biochar and other black carbon substances, including slash-and-burn charcoals and wood ash, have been applied. After analyzing existing studies on black carbon, we identified that these additions have a range from short-term negative impacts to long-term null effects on earthworm population density and total biomass. Documented cases of mortality were found with certain biochar-soil combinations; the cause is not fully understood, but hypothesized to be related to pH, whether the black carbon is premoistened, affects feeding behaviors, or other unknown factors. With wood ashes, negative impacts were overcome with addition of other carbon substrates. Given that field data is limited, soils amended with biochar did not appear to cause significant long-term impacts. However, this may indicate that the magnitude of short-term negative impacts on earthworm populations can be reduced with time.

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“…The long-term dynamics of water, carbon (C) and N in chaparral ecosystems under the effects of N deposition are not well known. Field studies of C and N biogeochemistry in chaparral ecosystems over the last three decades have included biomass and net primary production (NPP) (Mooney and Rundel 1979;Schlesinger and Gill 1980;Parsons and Stohlgren 1986), nutrient cycling (Christensen and Muller 1975;Rundel and Parsons 1980;Gary and Schlesinger 1983;Graham and Wood 1991;Ulery et al 1995;Fenn et al 1996), ecological effects of N deposition (Riggan et al 1985(Riggan et al , 1994Fenn et al 1996Fenn et al , 2003a, greenhouse gaseous N emissions (Anderson and Poth 1989;Fenn et al 1996), and stream NO 3 À export (Davis 1989;Fenn et al 2003c). Our understanding of ecological processes in chaparral ecosystems is derived from short-term studies of less than a few years at a limited set of intensively studied sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal-scale Dynamics of Water, Carbon and Nitrogen in a California Chaparral Ecosystem: DAYCENT Modeling Results

Meixner

Sickman

et al. 2006

Biogeochemistry

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Abstract. The Mediterranean climate, with its characteristic of dry summers and wet winters, influences the hydrologic and microbial processes that control carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) biogeochemical processes in chaparral ecosystems. These biogeochemical processes in turn determine N cycling under chronic N deposition. In order to examine connections between climate and N dynamics, we quantified decadal-scale water, C and N states and fluxes at annual, monthly and daily time steps for a California chaparral ecosystem in the Sierra Nevada using the DAYCENT model. The daily output simulations of net mineralization, stream flow and stream nitrate (NO 3 À ) export were developed for DAYCENT in order to simulate the N dynamics most appropriate for the abrupt rewetting events characteristic of Mediterranean chaparral ecosystems. Overall, the magnitude of annual modeled net N mineralization, soil and plant biomass C and N, nitrate export and gaseous N emission agreed with those of observations. Gaseous N emission was a major N loss pathway in chaparral ecosystems, in which nitric oxide (NO) is the dominant species. The modeled C and N fluxes of net primary production (NPP), N uptake and N mineralization, NO 3 À export and gaseous N emission showed both high inter-annual and intraannual variability. Our simulations also showed dramatic fire effects on NPP, N uptake, N mineralization and gaseous N emission for three years of postfire. The decease in simulated soil organic C and N storages was not dramatic, but lasted a longer time. For the seasonal pattern, the predicted C and N fluxes were greatest during December to March, and lowest in the summer. The model predictions suggested that an increase in the N deposition rate would increase N losses through gaseous N emission and stream N export in the chaparral ecosystems of the Sierra Nevada due to changes in N saturation status. The model predictions could not capture stream NO 3 À export during most rewetting events suggesting that a dry-rewetting mechanism representing the increase in N mineralization following soil wetting needs to be incorporated into biogeochemical models of semi-arid ecosystems.

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Decade-scale changes of soil carbon, nitrogen and exchangeable cations under chaparral and pine

Cited by 84 publications

References 22 publications

How wildfires affect soil properties. A brief review

How wildfires affect soil properties. A brief review

Impact of Biochar on Earthworm Populations: A Review

Decadal-scale Dynamics of Water, Carbon and Nitrogen in a California Chaparral Ecosystem: DAYCENT Modeling Results

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