Decalcification of cracked cement structures

Perko, Janez; Mayer, K. Ulrich; Kosakowski, Georg; Windt, Laurent de; Govaerts, Joan; Jacques, Diederik; Su, Danyang; Meeussen, J.C.L.

doi:10.1007/s10596-014-9467-2

Cited by 17 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the 2D case, the same set of reactions affects porosity and permeability in a heterogeneous domain. The last benchmark focuses on simulations of reactive transport and solute mobility resulting from cracks developed in concrete (Decalcification of cracked cement structures [18]). The problem shares some similarities with the Marty et al [16] benchmark described above, but also includes the effect of discrete fractures on the system behavior.…”

Section: Waste Repositories and Related Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactive transport benchmarks for subsurface environmental simulation

2015

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Section: Waste Repositories and Related Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first Subsurface Environmental Simulation workshop was held in Berkeley, CA on November [16][17][18]2011 …”

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confidence: 99%

Reactive transport benchmarks for subsurface environmental simulation

2015

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“…While there are several fundamental verification tests that demonstrate that individual process models in eSTOMP are working properly, benchmarking provides a means to establish the accuracy of simulators for realistically complex coupled process applications. We describe the eSTOMP application to a cracked cement degradation benchmark problem (Perko et al 2015) that includes many processes, properties, and conditions discussed in previous sections of this report-cement mineralogy, high-pH pore fluids, cement degradation from decalcification reactions, and the impact of cracking on the degradation process.…”

Section: Estomp Cement Benchmark Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This benchmark set developed by Perko et al (2015) involves leaching from a cracked, hardened cementitious waste form similar to scenarios described in Section 3.3. Infiltration of ambient pore water, which is in strong disequilibrium with the cement mineralogy, leaches calcium from the hardened cement paste, resulting in the dissolution of cement minerals.…”

Section: Degradation and Leaching From A Cracked Cementitious Waste Formmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Approach for Determining Key Parameters Needed for Modeling the Performance of Cast Stone for the Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment

Yabusaki

Serne

Rockhold

et al. 2015

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Radioactive wastes currently stored in underground tanks on the Hanford Site will be retrieved, treated, and converted to high-level waste (HLW) and low-activity waste (LAW) glass waste forms for disposal. Through the treatment and vitrification processes at the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP), aqueous secondary waste streams will be generated that will be treated and solidified outside the WTP at the Effluent Treatment Facility (ETF). Current baseline plans are to solidify the treated secondary wastes in a cementitious waste form, called Cast Stone, which will be disposed of in the Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF) on the Hanford Site. Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS) and its contractors at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) are optimizing Cast Stone to develop/refine the cementitious waste form for the wastes treated at the ETF, and to provide the data needed to support the IDF performance assessment (PA). In accordance with DOE Order 435.1 and the associated manual, a radiological PA will be conducted for the LAW glass and solidified secondary wastes (Cast Stone) that will be disposed of in the IDF. This technical approach document is intended to provide guidance to the Cast Stone development program with respect to the waste form characterization and testing information needed to support the IDF PA. At the time of the preparation of this technical approach document, the IDF PA effort is just beginning and the approach to analyze the performance of Cast Stone has not been determined. Therefore, this document examines the approach for evaluating Cast Stone performance and describes the testing needed to provide data to support the approach. There is a large contrast in the physical and chemical properties of the Cast Stone waste form versus the IDF backfill and surrounding sediments. Cast Stone exhibits low permeability, high tortuosity, low carbonate, high pH, and low Eh, whereas the backfill and native sediments have high permeability, low tortuosity, high carbonate, circumneutral pH, and high Eh. These contrasts have important implications for flow, transport, and reactions across the Cast Stone-backfill interface. Over time, with transport across the interface and subsequent reactions, the sharp geochemical contrast will blur and there will be a range of spatially-distributed conditions. In general, the contaminants of concern (COC) mobility and transport will be sensitive to these geochemical variations, which also include physical changes in porosity and permeability from mineral reactions. Therefore, the effectiveness of Cast Stone as a barrier to COC release is expected to evolve over the lifetime of the IDF. The technical approach to determining PA modeling parameters should therefore consider processes, properties, and conditions that alter the physical and chemical controls on COC transport in Cast Stone over time. A key issue is that the understanding of the evolving geochemical conditions controlling Ca...

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“…During the past decade, one of the main driving forces in reactive transport modelling has been the ongoing global search for strategies of safe nuclear waste disposal [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Governmental agencies are taking great efforts to manage radioactive waste and to assess the risks of different disposal schemes.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%