Decarboxylation of fatty acids over Pd supported on mesoporous carbon

Simakova, Irina L.; Šimáková, Olga; Mäki‐Arvela, Päivi; Murzin, Dmitry Yu.

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2009.07.064

Cited by 119 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Spent catalysts reported in the literature have active metal dispersions and particle sizes either marginally bigger or of the same sizes as the fresh catalysts. 35,37,40,47 3.3.3. Leaching.…”

Section: Transients Duringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deactivation is, therefore, not due to leaching, which is in accordance with results the from previous studies concluding that no or less than 1% leaching of palladium takes place during deoxygenation over 1 wt % Pd/sibunit. 37,40 …”

Section: Transients Duringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34À36 It was found that the deoxygenation rate was independent of the fatty acid chain length in the range of C 18 ÀC 23 . 37 Tall oil fatty acids (TOFAs) are byproducts from the Kraft process (for making cellulose fibers from wood), and their deoxygenation was investigated over Pd/sibunit. 38 Deactivation was especially pronounced with unsaturated fatty acids; therefore, it is suspected to occur through cyclization from CdC double bonds in the feedstock, followed by dehydrogenation over Pd catalyst, thus forming C 17 aromatic hydrocarbons.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Step Changes and Deactivation Behavior in the Continuous Decarboxylation of Stearic Acid

Madsen

Rozmysłowicz

Simakova

et al. 2011

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Deoxygenation of dilute and concentrated stearic acid over 2% Pd/C beads was performed in a continuous reactor at 300 °C and 20 bar pressure of Ar or 5% H2/Ar. Stable operation was obtained in 5% H2 atmosphere, with 95% conversion of 10 mol % dilute stearic acid in dodecane and 12% conversion of pure stearic acid. Deactivation took place in H2-deficient gas atmosphere, probably as a result of the formation of unsaturated products and coking in the pore system. Transient experiments with step changes were performed: 1 h was required for the step change to be visible in liquid sampling, whereas steady states were achieved after a total of 2.5–3 h. Postreaction analysis of the spent catalyst revealed that a deactivation profile was formed downward over the catalyst bed.

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Section: Transients Duringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transients Duringmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Step Changes and Deactivation Behavior in the Continuous Decarboxylation of Stearic Acid

Madsen

Rozmysłowicz

Simakova

et al. 2011

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Other catalysts showed much less conversion and selectivity towards heptadecane; besides, some heptadecenes, cracking and heavier products were found. Simakova et al also reported on the decarboxylation of different fatty acids (C 17 -C 20 and C 22 ) in a semi-batch reactor over Pd supported on mesoporous carbon (Sibunit) [25] [26] The same group published further results of their work; they reported on linearly increasing conversion of stearic acid with temperature but inversely affected selectivity to alkanes over 5%Pd/C. The yield of aromatics increased by 9-fold with rising of temperature from 300˚C -360˚C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Chain Length of Saturated Fatty Acids during Their Heterogeneously Catalyzed Deoxygenation

Mohite¹,

Armbruster²,

Richter³

et al. 2014

JSBS

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Fatty acids with different chain length were deoxygenated in the absence of hydrogen (caprylic acid (CA), lauric acid (LA) and stearic acid (SA)). The catalytic tests were carried over Pd-containing catalysts out in a batch reactor under inert gas for 6 h at 250˚C to 350˚C and pressures from 18 to 75 bar in the absence of additionally fed hydrogen. Pd-containing catalysts were tested; the best performing catalyst was 10% Pd/C with 63% undecane yield at 327˚C. These catalysts were used for a comparative decarboxylation of CA, LA and SA. At equal reaction conditions (300˚C, 6 h), the chain length of the fatty acid had a strong impact on the conversion, which was steadily increasing, whereas the alkane selectivity ran through a maximum. This work demonstrated the usability of Pd-containing catalysts for the decarboxylation of various fatty acids in the absence of additionally fed hydrogen with respect to the manufacture of hydrocarbons that can be used as blending components for fuels.

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“…The produced organic phases consisted mainly of hydrocarbons, fatty acids and nitriles 19 . Simakova et al 20 studied fatty acid decarboxylation in a semi-batch reactor over 1 wt.% Pd/C Sibunit (a class of porous carbon-carbon composite materials combining the advantages of graphite, such as chemical stability and electric conductivity and active coals like high specific surface area and adsorption capacity). These composites were characterized by a (high mesopore volume and a controllable narrow pore size distribution) using five different fatty acids, C 17 to C 20 and C 22 , as feed.…”

Section: F I G 1 -Transesterification Of Triglyceridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofuels and Their Production Through Different Catalytic Routes

Biswas¹

2017

Chem.Biochem.Eng.Q.

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This paper presents a review of the literature available on biofuels production through different chemical catalytic routes. Biofuels are promising alternative to the fast-depleting fossil fuel and oil reserves. In consideration of the existing environmental issues, such as greenhouse effect and global warming, researchers are now interested in biofuels production from biomass. Biofuels are produced from renewable and sustainable bioresources, which are available globally in the form of residual agricultural biomass and wastes. However, the biofuels production process through chemical transformation could be very expensive and uneconomical for large-scale commercial supply. Hence, there is a continuous need for improvisation on the research on this topic. This review broadly describes the different types of biofuels and the processes for their production through catalytic routes.

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Decarboxylation of fatty acids over Pd supported on mesoporous carbon

Cited by 119 publications

References 11 publications

Step Changes and Deactivation Behavior in the Continuous Decarboxylation of Stearic Acid

Step Changes and Deactivation Behavior in the Continuous Decarboxylation of Stearic Acid

Impact of Chain Length of Saturated Fatty Acids during Their Heterogeneously Catalyzed Deoxygenation

Biofuels and Their Production Through Different Catalytic Routes

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