Decellularized Bone Matrix/45S5 Bioactive Glass Biocomposite Hydrogel‐Based Constructs with Angiogenic and Osteogenic Properties: Ex Ovo and Ex Vivo Evaluations

Abstract

Decellularized extracellular matrix is often used to create an in vivo‐like environment that supports cell growth and proliferation, as it reflects the micro/macrostructure and molecular composition of tissues. On the other hand, bioactive glasses (BG) are surface‐reactive glass‐ceramics that can convert to hydroxyapatite in vivo and promote new bone formation. This study is designed to evaluate the key properties of a novel angiogenic and osteogenic biocomposite graft made of bovine decellularized bone matrix (DBM) hydrogel and 45S5 BG microparticles (10 and 20 wt%) to combine the existing superior properties of both biomaterial classes. Morphological, physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal characterizations of DBM and DBM/BG composite hydrogels are performed. Their in vitro biocompatibility is confirmed by cytotoxicity and hemocompatibility analyses. Ex vivo chick embryo aortic arch and ex ovo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays reveal that the present pro‐angiogenic property of DBM hydrogels is enhanced by the incorporation of BG. Histochemical stainings (Alcian blue and Alizarin red) and digital image analysis of ossification on hind limbs of embryos used in the CAM model reveal the osteogenic potential of biomaterials. The findings support the notion that the developed DBM/BG composite hydrogel constructs have the potential to be a suitable graft for bone repair.

Magnetic biocomposite scaffold based on decellularized tendon ECM and MNP-deposited halloysite nanotubes: physicochemical, thermal, rheological, mechanical and in vitro biological evaluations

“…This reduction in mechanical strength is probably due to the higher content of nano-fillers. Consistent with those in the literature [59,62,63], it is thought that higher nanofiller content negatively affected the gelation process of dECM by preventing the chain movement required for the process. However, the maximum stress was observed to be nearly doubled for 2% MNT-HNT-dECM compared to 1% MNP-HNT-dECM and 4% MNP-HNT-dECM.…”

“…As is known, the physical and chemical properties of materials greatly influence cell behavior; also, differences in surface texture and topography lead to notable changes in cellular response [63,78]. Due to their various properties, the use of MNPs in bone tissue regeneration has become widespread in recent years.…”