Decellularized human placenta supports hepatic tissue and allows rescue in acute liver failure

Abstract

The unique anatomic structure and matrix of human placenta were effective for hepatic tissue engineering. This will advance applications ranging from biological studies, drug development, and toxicology to patient therapies. (Hepatology 2018;67:1956-1969).

Decellularized bovine placentome for portacavally-interposed heterotopic liver transplantation in rats

“…To develop additional sources of decellularized scaffolds, we investigated the potential of healthy placenta [9]. This tissue offers many benefits: Placenta is universally available; it may be rapidly accessed; vascular structures include arterial and venous inlets and outlets for transplantation; decellularized placental ECM retains angiogenic and cytotrophic factors, e.g., VEGF, PDGF or HGF [10].…”

“…This tissue offers many benefits: Placenta is universally available; it may be rapidly accessed; vascular structures include arterial and venous inlets and outlets for transplantation; decellularized placental ECM retains angiogenic and cytotrophic factors, e.g., VEGF, PDGF or HGF [10]. The potential of decellularized placental scaffold was tested in animal studies by assembly of tissue units containing all native liver cell types [11]. This principle utilized experiences with ectopic transplantation in rats of liver fragments or pancreatic islets (within vascularized intestinal segments or large veins) [12][13][14][15].…”

“…This principle utilized experiences with ectopic transplantation in rats of liver fragments or pancreatic islets (within vascularized intestinal segments or large veins) [12][13][14][15]. The implanted liver units in hepatized human placenta were well-perfused after transplantation in large animals (sheep) [11]. Consequently, over several weeks, transplanted liver tissue retained morphological and functional integrity.…”

“…The vascular tree incorporates centralized incoming and outgoing vessels that are eminently suitable for transplantation. As cow placentome is thinner than human placenta [20], we considered it will be readily decellularized, lyophilized and rehydrated, similar to our recently published experience with human placenta [11]. Here, we developed decellularized cow placentome for liver transplantation in rats with following specific objectives: 1) Would decellularized placentome be capable of supporting implanted liver by perfusion and transfer of nutrients, substrates, metabolic intermediates; and 2) Would transplanted liver be reassembled and maintain homeostasis.…”

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“…Neste contexto, estudos demonstram que placentas descelularizadas podem ser utilizadas como scaffolds biológicos, corroborando assim para a bioengenharia de tecidos KAKABADZE et al, 2018;MATIAS et al, 2018). Devido as propriedades da MEC serem preservadas após remoção do conteúdo celular, placentas descelularizadas apoiam a migração e proliferação celular, além de interações célula/matriz (KEATCH et al, 2012;MATIAS et al, 2018).…”