“…To enhance the reliability and safety of these applications, researchers have developed many cooperative strategies of quad-rotor systems, one of which is the leader-follower formation scheme that allows for steering multiple quadrotors to form a geometric pattern while tracking a leader/reference. For this sake, three classical approaches can be applied, that is, linearization [11,15,23,24,26,29], inner-outer loop method [18,19,22,25,27,28,31] and feedback linearization approach [4,5,8,20].…”