Dechlorination of p-chlorophenol on a Pd/Fe catalyst in a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed; Implications for sludge and liquid remediation

Studies on dechlorination of DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane) using magnesium/palladium bimetallic system

“…Number of scientists have reported successful dechlorination of compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT, chlorinated methanes, chlorinated ethylene and chlorophenols by metal systems. For example Graham and Jovanovic demonstrated dechlorination of pchlorophenol using Fe 0 /Pd in a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed reactor [12]. Engelmann et al dechlorinated 50 ppm DDT using Mg 0 /Pd within 10 min of reaction [13].…”

Decolourization of azo dyes using magnesium–palladium system

“…The hydrogenation reactions represented below in Eqs. (3)-(5) are presumed to occur at the interface of ionizing metal surface and deposited palladium or on the surface of Pd 0 particulates floating in the reaction phase [16]. Alternatively, electrons may be donated directly to the functional groups of target compounds:…”

“…Thus the overall reaction is: [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Although Fe 0 has been applied extensively for remediation of several pollutants, the major drawbacks are slow reaction rates, rapid passivation of the metal and requirement for strict anaerobic conditions.…”

Effects of solvent, pH, salts and resin fatty acids on the dechlorination of pentachlorophenol using magnesium–silver and magnesium–palladium bimetallic systems

“…In the last decade, extensive research has been carried out on the application of bimetallic systems to dechlorinate chlorinated organic compounds [14][15][16][17][18]. Bimetallic systems make use of two metals, one in the zero-valent form (with a negative reduction potential like Mg +2 /Mg 0 , Fe +2 /Fe 0 , etc.)…”

“…However most of the studies on dechlorination by bimetallic or zero-valent metal systems have been carried out using pure solutions of chlorinated organic pollutants. Very sparse literature related to the effects of reaction phase pH [15,[20][21][22], type of organic co-solvent [23][24][25] and impurities (co-pollutants) other than the target compound is available. Studies on the effect(s) of various environmental parameters as listed above are relevant for assessing the applicability of bimetallic systems for remediation of groundwater or raw industrial effluents containing chlorinated organic compounds.…”