Deciphering electrochemiluminescence generation from luminol and hydrogen peroxide by imaging light emitting layer

Zhou, Ping; Hu, Shujie; Guo, Weiliang; Su, Bin

doi:10.1016/j.fmre.2021.11.018

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The electrolyte used was 0.1 M NaOH containing 10 mM luminol for the detection of the hydroperoxide anion. Su and workers studied the luminol ECL system in an alkaline solution. In the study, it was found that at high pH (≥10), hydroperoxide anion (HO 2 – ) could be easily oxidized to superoxide anion radical (O 2 •– ), and the ECL signal was dominantly produced by the product of the reaction between luminol radical anion (L •– ) and superoxide anion radical (O 2 •– ), both being short-lived (the half-life of O 2 •– is about 40 ms).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporally and Chemically Resolved Imaging of Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution on Single Nanoplates of Cobalt-Layered Hydroxide

Zhao,

Li,

Cui

et al. 2023

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Transition metal-layered hydroxides have been extensively studied in order to address the key challenge of slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, how the catalytically active sites are evolved and the corresponding heterogeneous structure−property relationship remain unclear. Herein, using cobalt-layered hydroxide as a representative catalyst, we report a strategy for the comprehensive in situ investigation of the electrocatalytic OER process at the single electrocatalyst level using combined electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and visabsorption microscopy. The stepwise heterogeneous electrocatalytic responses of single-cobalt hydroxide nanoplates are unveiled with ECL imaging, and the corresponding valence state changes are revealed by vis-absorption imaging. The correlated in situ and ex situ multimode analyses indicate that, during the oxidation process, the Co 2+ cations in the tetrahedral sites (Co Td 2+ ) turned into Co Td 3+ and even the highly unstable Co Td 4+ , assisted by the interlayer water in a metastable CoOOH•xH 2 O phase. Crucially, the Co Td 4+ sites are mainly distributed in the inner part of the nanoplates and show superior electrocatalytic properties. The correlative single-particle imaging approach for electrocatalytic process analysis with high spatiotemporal and chemical resolution enables in-depth mechanistic insights to be generated and, in turn, will benefit the rational design of electrocatalysts with enhanced performance.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporally and Chemically Resolved Imaging of Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution on Single Nanoplates of Cobalt-Layered Hydroxide

Zhao,

Li,

Cui

et al. 2023

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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“…At pH > 9, the luminol radical is deprotonated forming a luminol radical anion that reacting with the superoxide radical anion leads to the formation of LO 2 2– . Decomposition of LO 2 2– yields to the formation of the 3-APA* with emission of light at 425 nm …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decomposition of LO 2 2− yields to the formation of the 3-APA* with emission of light at 425 nm. 43 Typically, the enzymatic activity is greatly affected by the pH, and as the ECL of luminol requires alkaline values of pH, in a following experiment, a pH study was carried out in order to find the value of pH at which the ECL emission is at the maximum. Figure 4 illustrates the ECL response obtained in 0.01 M PBS in the range of pH 6−12.…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymes Encapsulated within Alginate Hydrogels: Bioelectrocatalysis and Electrochemiluminescence Applications

et al. 2022

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A simple procedure to incorporate enzymes (horseradish peroxidase, HRP, and lactate oxidase, LOx) within alginate hydrogels is reported with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) used to detect the enzymatic reactions with the corresponding substrates. First, HRP and LOx were successfully immobilized into CaCO3 microspheres, followed by the electrostatic layer-by-layer deposition of a nanoshell onto the microspheres, and finally by their dispersion into alginate solution. The as-prepared dispersion was drop cast onto the glassy carbon electrodes and cross-linked by the external and internal gelation methods using Ca2+ cations. The enzymes encapsulated within the alginate hydrogels were characterized using cyclic voltammetry and kinetic studies performed using ECL. The results showed that the enzymatic activity was significantly maintained as a result of the immobilization, with values of the apparent Michaelis–Menten constants estimated as 7.71 ± 0.62 and 8.41 ± 0.43 μM, for HRP and LOx, respectively. The proposed biosensors showed good stability and repeatability with an estimated limit of detection of 5.38 ± 0.05 and 0.50 ± 0.03 μM for hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid, respectively. The as-prepared enzymes encapsulated within the alginate hydrogels showed good stability up to 28 days from their preparation. The sensitivity and selectivity of the enzymes encapsulated within the alginate hydrogels were tested in real matrices (HRP, hydrogen peroxide, in contact lens solution; LOx, lactic acid in artificial sweat) showing the sensitivity of the ECL detection methods for the detection of hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid in real samples.

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“…In this particular process for hydrogen peroxide production, Ru(bpy) 3 2+ can be replaced with luminol, a classical compound for hydrogen peroxide detection in chemiluminescence, 67 and electrochemiluminescence. 23,67–70 The classical ECL of luminol and hydrogen peroxide by using BDD was reported previously, for example, our group investigated a particular application for the detection of hypochlorite, 71 in addition to investigations of reaction mechanisms. 72–74…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the molecular electrochemistry approach is still very important. 9 The latter comprises the development of new luminophores such as inorganic complexes 10,11 or organic molecules, 12 either freely diffusing in solution or embedded within nanosystems, [13][14][15][16][17] and ECL imaging with spatial and temporal resolution for the investigation of reaction mechanisms, [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and biological applications. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Because ECL is primarily triggered by a heterogeneous electrochemical reaction, electrode materials are crucial in the signal development and intensity, and this subject was already reviewed for common electrode materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence at boron-doped diamond electrodes

et al. 2023

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Deciphering electrochemiluminescence generation from luminol and hydrogen peroxide by imaging light emitting layer

Cited by 33 publications

References 54 publications

Spatiotemporally and Chemically Resolved Imaging of Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution on Single Nanoplates of Cobalt-Layered Hydroxide

Spatiotemporally and Chemically Resolved Imaging of Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution on Single Nanoplates of Cobalt-Layered Hydroxide

Enzymes Encapsulated within Alginate Hydrogels: Bioelectrocatalysis and Electrochemiluminescence Applications

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence at boron-doped diamond electrodes

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