Deciphering the Cold Adaptive Mechanisms in Pseudomonas psychrophila MTCC12324 Isolated from the Arctic at 79° N

Towards robust Pseudomonas cell factories to harbour novel biosynthetic pathways

“…With the emergence of respective technologies, it became possible to study whole transcriptomes (via microarrays or RNA-Seq) or proteomes to reveal multifactorial responses to exposure or biosynthesis of the stressor [62,68,103]. Moreover, advanced sequencing technologies facilitated the comparative analysis of complete genomes from related strains with different phenotypes to deduce tolerance-associated genes by sequence homology analysis or matching conspicuous phenotypes with outstanding genes [70,[108][109][110]. Furthermore, the massive progress in sequencing technology evoked a reinvigoration of adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) [111].…”

Cold adapted Pseudomonas: ecology to biotechnology

“…Pseudomonas tends to degrade a wide range of compatible solutes such as heterosides, aminoacids and sugars ( Craig et al, 2021 ) and organic compounds adopting various metabolic pathways such as Entner-Doudoroff pathway, β-ketoadipate pathway ( Cabrera et al, 2022 ) etc. The psychrophiles have been considered to possess the ability of tolerating far higher temperature ranges than the real ambient temperature from which they were isolated, when cultivated in-vivo ( Cavicchioli, 2016 ); for example, P. psychrophila MTCC12324 ( Abraham et al, 2020 ) and P. frederiksbergensis ( Cui et al, 2022 ) etc., were observed to grow between 4–37°C, Pseudomonas sp. 30–3 with a survival range of 0–35°C retrieved from oil-affected soil, Wright Valley, Antarctica ( Panicker et al, 2002 ); P. lundensis, isolated from Antarctic meltwater pond was also reported to survive at 0°C ( Ravi et al, 2022 ).…”

“…Pseudomonas species namely P. azotoformans, P. corrugata, P. granadensis, P. paralactis, P. proteolytica, P. palleroniana, P. helmanticensis and P. putida have been isolated from various locations including cold deserts and glacial sites in Indian Himalaya ( Pandey et al, 2019 ; Kumar et al, 2020 ). P. psychrophila MTCC12324, a cold adapted strain has been reported for its specificities for inhabiting the Arctic region ( Abraham et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Diverse topographical, ecological, and biological factors form the basis of physiological and molecular acclimatization ( Figure 1 ). Pseudomonas are known to acclimatize to low temperature via physiological changes ( Table 1 ) like membrane integrity, production of anti-freeze proteins, carotenoid pigments, the release of cryoprotectants, basic metabolic adjustment such as suppression of glycolysis and TCA cycle during cold and the acquisition of energy generation by secondary or intermediate molecules via alternate routes to circumvent the whole system emerge as significant aspects for energy production ( Tribelli et al, 2015 ; Abraham et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Pseudomonas genera generally modify membrane fluidity by changing the lipid polar head, charge, constituents, size and location, length and arrangement of hydrophobic fatty acid chain, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, membrane’s protein composition, amino acid stocking, kind of carotenoids generated, and ratio of cis to trans fatty acids ( De Meeyer et al, 2014 ). Certain reports suggested that Pseudomonas may have a two-part signal transduction system that consists of a membrane confined sensor and a dissolvable cytoplasmic response regulator that is involved in the perception and transmission of low temperature signals ( Chintalapati et al, 2004 ; De Meeyer et al, 2014 ; Raymond-Bouchard et al, 2018 ; Weinstein et al, 2019 ; Abraham et al, 2020 ). P. syringae, P. aeruginosa, and P. extremaustralis are a few examples reported from Antarctic, Arctic, and IHR, known to exhibit similar phenomenon ( Kumar et al, 2002 ; Benforte et al, 2018 ).…”