Decision-making and frontoparietal resting-state functional connectivity among impulsive-compulsive diagnoses. Insights from a Bayesian approach

León, J.J.; Fernández-Martín, Pilar; González-Rodríguez, Alexandre; Rodríguez-Herrera, Rocío; García-Pinteño, J.; Pérez-Fernández, C.; Sánchez-Kuhn, Ana; Amaya-Pascasio, L.; Soto-Ontoso, M.; Martínez-Sánchez, P.; Sánchez-Santed, Fernando; Flores, Pilar

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107683

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Instead, OFC and DLPFC rsFC has not shown any relationship with the performance of the participants. In this line, a recent exploratory study concluded that rsFC FPN was not a neuromarker of decision-making profiles in impulsive-compulsive populations and healthy controls (León et al, 2023). In contrast, prior studies typically report these areas are associated with the processing feedback (Marek and Dosenbach, 2018; O’Doherty et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We selected 18 channels related to regions of interest (ROIs). OFC, DLPFC, and posterior parietal cortex (pPC), in both left and right hemispheres (León et al, 2023).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We selected 18 channels related to regions of interest (ROIs). OFC, DLPFC, and posterior parietal cortex (pPC), in both left and right hemispheres (León et al, 2023). All rsFC pre-processing and analyses were performed with MATLAB, using the package NIRS Brain AnalyzIR toolbox (Santosa et al, 2018).…”

Section: Rsfc Recording and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contingency-based flexibility mechanisms through a reinforcement learning model in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Rodríguez-Herrera,

León,

Fernández-Martína

et al. 2024

Preprint

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AbtractThe probabilistic reversal learning paradigm is one of the most used to assess cognitive flexibility during a contingency-based learning process. Lack of cognitive flexibility is related to the symptomatology that characterizes disorders such as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) could be a specific predictor of performance in contingency-based cognitive flexibility. However, the mechanisms underlying learning and flexibility in an environment of uncertainty with OCD or ADHD adults have not been widely explored. Computational modelling may be helpful to separate components of the behavioural processes and identify the source of the disorders. In the present study, we aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying contingency-based cognitive flexibility in a sample of the impulsive-compulsive spectrum and healthy controls, and explore the rsFC between the frontoparietal networks (FPN) regions as a possible neuromarker. 148 Spanish-speaking participants (43 patients with OCD, 53 with ADHD, and 52 healthy controls) completed a probabilistic reversal learning task (PRLT). Previously, we obtained a record of FNP rsFC using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). For this purpose, we applied the reinforcement learning model in combination with Bayesian GLM. We found that groups showed an optimal performance in the acquisition phase of the PRLT and higher performance of HC compared to the diagnostic groups in the reversal block, although performance is still optimal in all groups. Likewise, we found that the parameters studied (reinforcement learning rate, punishment learning rate and inverse temperature) predict task performance differently by phase and group. Regarding FNP rsFC, we found that rsFC between left posterior parietal cortex (lpPC) and right posterior parietal cortex (rpPC) seems to credibly predict performance in the acquisition block in the healthy controls. These findings suggest that reducing the uncertainty between action-outcome may help to improve the adaptation of ADHD and OCD patients to changing environments. Thus, understanding sensitivity to punishment or reinforcement and its influence on the decision-making may be important for designing case-specific interventions. According to our data, rsFC between lpPC and rpPC could be important for optimal learning of our task.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We selected 18 channels related to regions of interest (ROIs). OFC, DLPFC, and posterior parietal cortex (pPC), in both left and right hemispheres (León et al, 2023).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contingency-based flexibility mechanisms through a reinforcement learning model in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Rodríguez-Herrera,

León,

Fernández-Martína

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Data-driven profiles of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using objective and ecological measures of attention, distractibility, and hyperactivity

Fernández-Martín

Rodríguez-Herrera

Cánovas³

et al. 2023

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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In the past two decades, the traditional nosology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been criticized for having insufficient discriminant validity. In line with current trends, in the present study, we combined a data-driven approach with the advantages of virtual reality aiming to identify novel behavioral profiles of ADHD based on ecological and performance-based measures of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. One hundred and ten Spanish-speaking participants (6–16 years) with ADHD (medication-naïve, n = 57) and typically developing participants (n = 53) completed AULA, a continuous performance test embedded in virtual reality. We performed hybrid hierarchical k-means clustering methods over the whole sample on the normalized t-scores of AULA main indices. A five-cluster structure was the most optimal solution. We did not replicate ADHD subtypes. Instead, we identified two clusters sharing clinical scores on attention indices, susceptibility to distraction, and head motor activity, but with opposing scores on mean reaction time and commission errors; two clusters with good performance; and one cluster with average scores but increased response variability and slow RT. DSM-5 subtypes cut across cluster profiles. Our results suggest that latency of response and response inhibition could serve to distinguish among ADHD subpopulations and guide neuropsychological interventions. Motor activity, in contrast, seems to be a common feature among ADHD subgroups. This study highlights the poor feasibility of categorical systems to parse ADHD heterogeneity and the added value of data-driven approaches and VR-based assessments to obtain an accurate characterization of cognitive functioning in individuals with and without ADHD.

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Decision-making and frontoparietal resting-state functional connectivity among impulsive-compulsive diagnoses. Insights from a Bayesian approach

Cited by 2 publications

References 72 publications

Contingency-based flexibility mechanisms through a reinforcement learning model in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Contingency-based flexibility mechanisms through a reinforcement learning model in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Data-driven profiles of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using objective and ecological measures of attention, distractibility, and hyperactivity

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