Decision sciences and the new case for paternalism: three welfare-related justificatory challenges

Fumagalli, Roberto

doi:10.1007/s00355-016-0972-1

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Although most of the nudging literature assumes that policy should promote long-term preferences over impulsive desires, it is rare for arguments supporting this principle to be explicitly formulated. The principle ultimately seems to hinge on the notions of personal identity and happiness employed (see Hausman, 2011;Fumagalli, 2016). It may be that informed preferences should not always reflect the need for self-control, but a healthy balance between self-control and self-liberation (Cowen, 1991).…”

Section: Preference Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-nudging and the citizen choice architect

Reijula

Hertwig

2020

Behav. Public Policy

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This article argues that nudges can often be turned into self-nudges: empowering interventions that enable people to design and structure their own decision environments – that is, to act as citizen choice architects. Self-nudging applies insights from behavioral science in a way that is practicable and cost-effective, but that sidesteps concerns about paternalism or manipulation. It has the potential to expand the scope of application of behavioral insights from the public to the personal sphere (e.g., homes, offices, families). It is a tool for reducing failures of self-control and enhancing personal autonomy; specifically, self-nudging can mean designing one's proximate choice architecture to alleviate the effects of self-control problems, engaging in education to understand the nature and causes of self-control problems and employing simple educational nudges to improve goal attainment in various domains. It can even mean self-paternalistic interventions such as winnowing down one's choice set by, for instance, removing options. Policy-makers could promote self-nudging by sharing knowledge about nudges and how they work. The ultimate goal of the self-nudging approach is to enable citizen choice architects’ efficient self-governance, where reasonable, and the self-determined arbitration of conflicts between their mutually exclusive goals and preferences.

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Section: Preference Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-nudging and the citizen choice architect

Reijula

Hertwig

2020

Behav. Public Policy

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“…Issues such as nutrition are none of the government's business. It is doubtful that governments can prove that the interventions indeed enhance agents' well-being (Fumagalli, 2016). Policy makers are in the end only human and the possibility that they will fail to make the correct decision on behalf of an individual is not less likely than the individual failing to do so on his own (Glaeser, 2006).…”

Section: Private Decisions Are Not the Government's Business People mentioning

confidence: 99%

The People’s Perspective on Libertarian-Paternalistic Policies

Arad

Rubinstein²

2018

The Journal of Law and Economics

101

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The views toward libertarian-paternalistic (soft) government interventions are examined in a series of online experiments carried out in three countries. Both standard and new methods are used to elicit attitudes towards soft interventions in various hypothetical scenarios. The majority of the participants accept this type of intervention by the government. However, a substantial proportion oppose them and would prefer that the government simply provide information to help the public make the right choice rather than using a more effective choice architecture intervention. Some even refuse to make the choice that the government is promoting, although they would have done so in the absence of the intervention. The opposition to soft interventions appears to be driven by concerns about manipulation and the fear of a "slippery slope" to nonconsensual interventions. Opposition to soft interventions is reduced when they are carried out by employers rather than the government.

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“…Researchers often lack the information required to identify individuals’ ideal preferences (e.g. Fumagalli, 2016a). Moreover, various criteria have been proposed to identify individuals’ ideal preferences, and different criteria single out different subsets of preferences as ideal (e.g.…”

Section: Reformed Division Of Labormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reformed Division of Labor for the Science of Well-Being

Fumagalli¹

2022

Philosophy

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This paper provides a philosophical assessment of leading theory-based, evidence-based and coherentist approaches to the definition and the measurement of well-being. It then builds on this assessment to articulate a reformed division of labor for the science of well-being and argues that this reformed division of labor can improve on the proffered approaches by combining the most plausible tenets of theory-based approaches with the most plausible tenets of coherentist approaches. This result does not per se exclude the possibility that theory-based and coherentist approaches may be independently improved or amended in the years to come. Still, together with the challenges that affect these approaches, it strengthens the case for combining the most plausible tenets of those approaches.

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Decision sciences and the new case for paternalism: three welfare-related justificatory challenges

Cited by 17 publications

References 95 publications

Self-nudging and the citizen choice architect

Self-nudging and the citizen choice architect

The People’s Perspective on Libertarian-Paternalistic Policies

A Reformed Division of Labor for the Science of Well-Being

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