Decision Support for Adaptation Planning of Urban Drainage Systems

Mikovits, Christian; Tscheikner-Gratl, Franz; Jasper-Tönnies, Alrun; Einfalt, Thomas; Huttenlau, Matthias; Schöpf, Martin; Kinzel, Carolina; Rauch, Wolfgang; Kleidorfer, Manfred

doi:10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0000840

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Further, with a newly developed urban development model that relies on minimal data, the population distribution and building attributes could be simulated and easily interlinked with urban water models; an application of the technology to the city of Innsbruck shows that an analysis of numerous spatial scenarios is accessible and necessary, which enables pro-active adaptation or (if possible) the option to prioritize the development of some areas, which put less stress on the existing network [18]. In addition, to analyze the effects of urban form on urban water systems, the results of Mikovits et al [19] showed that reasonable spatial planning can reduce the negative effects caused by population growth on drainage system performance, which indicates the potential effects of urban form on drainage systems. Applying water-sensitive urban design (WSUD) in Australia, researchers found that green technologies should also be regarded as an integral part of the urban form [20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Urban Forms on Separate Drainage Systems: A Virtual City Perspective

Jia

Sitzenfrei

Rauch

et al. 2019

Water

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The development of urban drainage systems is challenged by rapid urbanization; however, little attention is paid to the urban form and its effects on these systems. This study develops an integrated city-drainage model that configures typical urban forms and their associated drainage infrastructures, specifically domestic wastewater and rainwater systems, to analyze the relationship between them. Three typical types of urban forms were investigated: the square, the star, and the strip. Virtual cities were designed first, with the corresponding drainage systems generated automatically and then linked to a model herein called the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). Evaluation was based on 200 random configurations of wastewater/rainwater systems with different structures or attributes. The results show that urban forms play more important roles on three dimensions of performance, namely economic efficiency, effectiveness, and adaptability, of the rainwater systems than of the wastewater systems. Cost is positively correlated to the effectiveness of rainwater systems among the different urban forms, while adaptability is negatively correlated to the other two performance dimensions. Regardless of the form, it is difficult for a city to make its drainage systems simultaneously cost-effective, efficient, and adaptable based on the virtual cities we investigated. This study could inspire the urban planning of both built-up and to-be-built areas to become more sustainable with their drainage infrastructure by recognizing the pros and cons of different macroscale urban forms.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Urban Forms on Separate Drainage Systems: A Virtual City Perspective

Jia

Sitzenfrei

Rauch

et al. 2019

Water

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“…The SWMM model was used to assess and predict the hydraulic performance of North American, European, and Asian urban sewer systems in different studies (Mikovits et al, 2017;Kang et al, 2016;Kirshen et al, 2015;Huong and Pathirana, 2013;Kleidorfer et al, 2009;Denault et al, 2006;Watt et al, 2003;Waters et al, 2003;Niemczynowicz, 1989). Mikovits et al (2017) evaluated, with SWMM, the combined impact of urban development and CC on flooding volumes from a combined sewer network in Innsbruck, Austria. They showed that the impact of CC, i.e., more-intense heavy precipitation during summer, could be either compensated or amplified by urban development, depending on the spatial distribution of urban growth.…”

Section: S1 Review Of Previous Studies Evaluating the Impact Of CC Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike studies using statistical models, most of those based on HH models assess the hydraulic performance of the whole sewer system, or of some part of it, but not the hydraulic performance of individual pipes (Berggren et al, 2012 andDale et al, 2017;Denault et al, 2006;Huong and Pathirana, 2013;Kirshen et al, 2015;Kleidorfer et al, 2009;Mikovits et al, 2017;Niemczynowicz, 1989;Olsson et al, 2009;Semadeni-Davies et al, 2008;Waters et al, 2003;Watt et al, 2003; see the Supplementary Information for more details). Only a few studies have, to our knowledge, developed methodologies based on HH modeling capable of attributing a hydraulic performance condition to each pipe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Individual Hydraulic Performance of Sewer Pipes in Context of Climate Change

El-Housni

Duchesne

Mailhot

2019

J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.

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A new method to identify pipes with insufficient hydraulic capacity is proposed. This method can be applied to assess the future evolution of network performance under climate change (CC). It is based on hydrologic/hydraulic simulations using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and single observed rainfall events. The evolution of the hydraulic performance with time is simulated by increasing the intensity of these rainfall events by a factor depending on the CC predictions for the study area. The proposed method is applied to two Canadian separated and combined sewer networks. The method identified the constraining pipe sections that could cause hydraulic dysfunctions in the networks, both in current and future climates. For the two networks, the number of constraining pipes depends on rain events and is anticipated to increase in the future climate. The proposed method can be applied to various types of networks to assess the network performance and project the evolution of the hydraulic performance of individual pipes over time, making it a useful tool for the planning of drainage network renewal under CC.

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“…The demand (D) for each type is assembled based on local attributes and prevailing conditions. Total Block demand is calculated as the sum of these four types and results in a 24-h time series for each QC (Equation (2)). This process is performed separately for every simulation day and each Block.…”

Section: Water Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Population growth, changing climatic conditions and water supply security challenge water supply systems today and in the future [1][2][3]. Recent droughts across the world have caused severe stress on water resource availability and raised political awareness for a transition towards more robust and versatile water supply system [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Urban Water Balance Model for Water Policy Testing: An Approach for Large Scale Investigation

et al. 2018

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Urban water management will face various challenges in the future. Growing population in cities, changing climatic conditions and uncertain availability of water resources necessitate forward-looking water policy strategies. In this paper, we introduce a new water balance model to evaluate urban water strategies at a city scale. The aim is to evaluate decentralised water management measures within a large-scale investigation and to reduce external potable water demand. The upscaling process of local information (water demand, areal data) to a conceptual model approach is described. The modelling approach requires simplification of detailed processes to enable the execution with limited computing capacity. The model was applied to Greater Metropolitan Melbourne, Australia, a highly sprawled city with nearly four million inhabitants. Scenario analysis demonstrated the impact of using different water resources of different quality classes, the extensive implementation of water saving appliances and decentralised water storage strategies on the city's water balance. Results indicate a potential reduction of potable water demand of up to 25% with a conservative rainwater reuse and, even 60% with widespread implementation of rain-and greywater recycling. Furthermore, we demonstrate that even small systems implemented at a local level can have noticeable effects when operated as clustered schemes.

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Decision Support for Adaptation Planning of Urban Drainage Systems

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of Urban Forms on Separate Drainage Systems: A Virtual City Perspective

Effects of Urban Forms on Separate Drainage Systems: A Virtual City Perspective

Predicting Individual Hydraulic Performance of Sewer Pipes in Context of Climate Change

Conceptual Urban Water Balance Model for Water Policy Testing: An Approach for Large Scale Investigation

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