Decline of physical and cognitive conditions in the elderly measured through the functional reach test and the mini-mental state examination

Costarella, Marianna; Monteleone, L.; Steindler, R.; Zuccaro, Stefano Maria

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2009.05.013

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similarly, in a previous study among 50 healthy participants using FRT to measure physical performance, a decline in both physical and cognitive performance was reported. 41 Dynamic balance ability is one of the key prerequisites in performing activities of daily living. A Canadian study of health and aging reported that FRT score was higher in participants with higher activities of daily living score.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between physical performance and cognitive performance measures among community-dwelling older adults

Won¹,

Singh²,

Din³

et al. 2014

CLEP

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PurposeCognitive impairment is correlated with physical function. However, the results in the literature are inconsistent with cognitive and physical performance measures. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the association between cognitive performance and physical function among older adults.MethodsA total of 164 older adults aged ≥60 years and residing in low-cost housing areas in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia participated in this study. Cognitive performance was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination, clock drawing test, Rey auditory verbal learning test, digit symbol test, digit span test, matrix reasoning test, and block design test. Physical performance measures were assessed using the ten step test for agility, short physical performance battery test for an overall physical function, static balance test using a Pro.Balance board, and dynamic balance using the functional reach test.ResultsThere was a negative and significant correlation between agility and the digit symbol test (r=−0.355), clock drawing test (r=−0.441), matrix reasoning test (r=−0.315), and block design test (r=−0.045). A significant positive correlation was found between dynamic balance, digit symbol test (r=0.301), and matrix reasoning test (r=0.251). The agility test appeared as a significant (R2=0.183, R2=0.407, R2=0.299, P<0.05) predictor of some cognitive performance measures, including the digit span test, clock drawing test, and Mini Mental State Examination.ConclusionThese results suggest that a decline in most cognitive performance measures can be predicted by poor execution of a more demanding physical performance measure such as the ten step test for agility. It is imperative to use a more complex and cognitively demanding physical performance measure to identify the presence of an overall cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults. It may also be beneficial to promote more complex and cognitively challenging exercises and activities among older adults for optimal physical and cognitive function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between physical performance and cognitive performance measures among community-dwelling older adults

Won¹,

Singh²,

Din³

et al. 2014

CLEP

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“…Thus, the sample exhibits a good overall cognitive level even among the elderly, in spite of aging commonly being associated with a reduction in cognitive functions related to information processing. The processes of executive function, attention and memory are especially affected with age, as well as learning aspects, the process of selection and the programming of motor response 27 - 29 . Most likely, the fact that these functions are preserved is related to the practice of physical, social and cognitive activities by the elderly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of mental practice and movement observation on motor memory, cognitive function and motor performance in the elderly

Altermann¹,

Martins²,

Carpes³

et al. 2014

Braz. J. Phys. Ther.

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Background With aging, it is important to maintain cognitive and motor functions to ensure autonomy and quality of life. During the acquisition of motor skills, it is necessary for the elderly to understand the purpose of the proposed activities. Physical and mental practice, as well as demonstrations, are strategies used to learn movements. Objectives To investigate the influence of mental practice and the observation of movement on motor memory and to understand the relationship between cognitive function and motor performance in the execution of a sequence of digital movements in the elderly. Method This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 45 young and 45 aged subjects. The instruments used were Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Manual Preference Inventory and a Digital Motor Task (composed of a training of a sequence of movements, an interval and a test phase). The subjects were divided into three subgroups: control, mental practice and observation of movement. Results The elderly depend more strongly on mental practice for the acquisition of a motor memory. In comparing the performances of people in different age groups, we found that in the elderly, there was a negative correlation between the MMSE score and the execution time as well as the number of errors in the motor task. Conclusions For the elderly, mental practice can advantage motor performance. Also, there is a significant relationship between cognitive function, learning and the execution of new motor skills.

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“…Aging is associated with declines in physical (1-4) and psychological (3-4) function and cancer treatments can further exacerbate these functional decrements. Younger cancer patients often experience a transient decline in function, whereas older cancer patients may never fully recover (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and cancer treatment symptoms in 408 newly diagnosed older cancer patients

Sprod

Mohile

Demark‐Wahnefried

et al. 2012

Journal of Geriatric Oncology

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While the benefits of exercise for managing cancer-and treatment-related side effects has been shown among various populations of cancer survivors, a relative dearth of information exists among older cancer patients. Objectives To determine the prevalence of exercise participation during and after primary cancer treatment in older (≥65 years) and the oldest (≥80 years) cancer patients and to examine the relationships between exercise, symptoms, and self-rated health (SRH). Materials and Methods 408 newly diagnosed older cancer patients (mean age=73, range=65-92) scheduled to receive chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy reported symptoms and SRH prior to, during, and 6 months after treatment, and exercise participation during and following treatment. Results Forty-six percent of older and 41% of the oldest patients reported exercising during treatment. Sixty percent of older and 68% of the oldest patients reported exercising in the 6 months thereafter. Older patients who exercised during treatment reported less shortness of breath and better SRH during treatment, and better SRH following treatment. The oldest patients who exercised during treatment reported less memory loss and better SRH during treatment and less fatigue and better SRH following treatment. The oldest patients who exercised following treatment reported less fatigue, skin problems, and total symptom burden following treatment. Conclusion These data suggest a willingness of older cancer patients to attempt exercise during and after treatment. Exercise during these times is associated with less severe symptoms; further clinical research examining the efficacy of formal exercise interventions to reduce symptoms and improve SRH in older cancer patients is needed.

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Decline of physical and cognitive conditions in the elderly measured through the functional reach test and the mini-mental state examination

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Relationship between physical performance and cognitive performance measures among community-dwelling older adults

Relationship between physical performance and cognitive performance measures among community-dwelling older adults

Influence of mental practice and movement observation on motor memory, cognitive function and motor performance in the elderly

Exercise and cancer treatment symptoms in 408 newly diagnosed older cancer patients

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