Declining concentrations of persistent PCBs, PBDEs, PCDEs, and PCNs in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from the Salish Sea

Ross, Peter S.; Noël, Marie; Lambourn, Dyanna M.; Dangerfield, Neil; Calambokidis, John; Jeffries, Steven J.

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2013.05.027

Cited by 58 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Although the levels of several OHCs have appeared to decrease in some arctic species, particularly during the 1990s and early 2000s, the trends reported from long-term atmospheric monitoring over the last decade are more variable, possibly due to the impact of global warming on the environmental fate of OHCs (Verreault et al, 2005b;Hung et al, 2010;Riget et al, 2010aRiget et al, , 2010bMcKinney et al, 2011;Ross et al, 2013). Landlocked Arctic char is a suitable monitoring species for contaminants due to its wide occurrence and circumpolar distribution.…”

Section: H I G H L I G H T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status, between-year comparisons and maternal transfer of organohalogenated compounds (OHCs) in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from Bjørnøya, Svalbard (Norway)

Bytingsvik

Frantzen

Götsch

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Section: H I G H L I G H T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status, between-year comparisons and maternal transfer of organohalogenated compounds (OHCs) in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from Bjørnøya, Svalbard (Norway)

Bytingsvik

Frantzen

Götsch

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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“…In contrast, DDE increased by~46%, and DDE as a proportion of DDX was 0.67 in 2002 but 0.88 in 2015-17. (Sørmo et al, 2003), and in harbour seal pups during the late 1990s to early 2000s from the North Eastern Pacific (Ross et al, 2013). (Sørmo et al, 2003), and in harbour seal pups during the late 1990s to early 2000s from the North Eastern Pacific (Ross et al, 2013).…”

Section: Comparison Of Ocps Between Year Groupsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigating decadal changes in persistent organic pollutants in Scottish grey seal pups

Robinson

Hall

Scholl

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) remain a risk to marine ecosystem health.POPs accumulate in fat tissue and are biomagnified up through food webs, generating high concentrations in apex predators, including marine mammals. Seals are thus often cited as sentinels of marine environment POP levels. Measuring changes across decadal timescales in these animals is key to understanding the effectiveness of regulations controlling POPs, predicting health, population, and ecosystem level impacts, and informing conservation and management strategies.Information on recent changes in legacy POPs in seals is relatively sparse, however, and datasets are not always continuous in the absence of dedicated POP monitoring programmes. 2. Here, POP concentrations in the blubber of weaned grey seal pups from the Isle of May, Scotland, were compared between studies investigating POP impacts on survival and energy balance in 2002, and in 2015-17. By 2017, the total dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (ΣDL-CBs) and the total non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (ΣNDL-CBs) had decreased to~75% of 2002 levels. 3. The organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), dichlorodiphenyltrichoroethane (ΣDDT), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and dichlorodiphenyldichoroethane (DDD), and some CB congeners, did not fall over the 15-year period; however, the power to detect small changes at low concentrations was limited. 4. High DDE and a lack of change in DDD are likely to reflect the low excretion of DDT metabolites, rather than recent exposure.5. The limited change in many POPs over 15 years suggest that risks remain for energy balance, endocrine status, and immune function in grey seal pups, with contingent effects on conservation and management objectives for this species.6. These data highlight the need for long-term datasets and parity in sampling and analytical methods to evaluate continuing impacts of POPs in grey seals and on marine ecosystems more widely.

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“…The importance of BDE-47 at upper trophic levels of the marine food web reflects a combination of the propensity of this congener to biomagnify and/or its generation through debromination pathways of other PBDE congeners (Sellström et al 1993;Boon et al 2002;Wolkers et al 2004;Stapleton et al 2004a;Kelly et al 2008a, b). BDE-209 is not usually detected in marine mammals (Rayne et al 2004;Kelly et al 2008a, b;Ross et al 2013;Alava et al 2012a, b), likely as a result of its preferential binding to the particle phase in the water column and sediments (Johannessen et al 2008;Ross et al 2009) and the subsequent lack of biomagnification of this high log K OW congener in aquatic food webs (Wolkers et al 2004;Kelly et al 2008a). Some studies have demonstrated that BDE-209 is quickly debrominated to lower brominated congeners (BDE-154, -155) in fish (Stapleton et al 2004b(Stapleton et al , 2006 and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) (Thomas et al 2005), explaining in part the lack of bioaccumulation potential in marine mammalian food webs.…”

Section: Metabolism Of Pbdesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Web Bioaccumulation Model for Resident Killer Whales from the Northeastern Pacific Ocean as a Tool for the Derivation of PBDE-Sediment Quality Guidelines

Alava

Ross

Gobas

2015

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Resident killer whale populations in the NE Pacific Ocean are at risk due to the accumulation of pollutants, including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). To assess the impact of PBDEs in water and sediments in killer whale critical habitat, we developed a food web bioaccumulation model. The model was designed to estimate PBDE concentrations in killer whales based on PBDE concentrations in sediments and the water column throughout a lifetime of exposure. Calculated and observed PBDE concentrations exceeded the only toxicity reference value available for PBDEs in marine mammals (1500 μg/kg lipid) in southern resident killer whales but not in northern resident killer whales. Temporal trends (1993-2006) for PBDEs observed in southern resident killer whales showed a doubling time of ≈5 years. If current sediment quality guidelines available in Canada for polychlorinated biphenyls are applied to PBDEs, it can be expected that PBDE concentrations in killer whales will exceed available toxicity reference values by a large margin. Model calculations suggest that a PBDE concentration in sediments of approximately 1.0 μg/kg dw produces PBDE concentrations in resident killer whales that are below the current toxicity reference value for 95 % of the population, with this value serving as a precautionary benchmark for a management-based approach to reducing PBDE health risks to killer whales. The food web bioaccumulation model may be a useful risk management tool in support of regulatory protection for killer whales.

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Declining concentrations of persistent PCBs, PBDEs, PCDEs, and PCNs in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from the Salish Sea

Cited by 58 publications

References 59 publications

Current status, between-year comparisons and maternal transfer of organohalogenated compounds (OHCs) in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from Bjørnøya, Svalbard (Norway)

Current status, between-year comparisons and maternal transfer of organohalogenated compounds (OHCs) in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from Bjørnøya, Svalbard (Norway)

Investigating decadal changes in persistent organic pollutants in Scottish grey seal pups

Food Web Bioaccumulation Model for Resident Killer Whales from the Northeastern Pacific Ocean as a Tool for the Derivation of PBDE-Sediment Quality Guidelines

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