Declining health risk exposure among Chicago public high school students: Trends from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey 1997–2017

Abstract

Highlights There has been national improvement in teen self-reported health risk since the 1990s. Chicago is aligned with the nation in documenting improvements in teen health risk. Changes in teen risk align with academic achievement and changing demographics. Suicide risk is a notable exception to improvements in teen health risk. Mitigating the effects of adversity and promoting resilience must be a priority.

Prevalence and Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Chicago Public School Students in the Youth Risk Behavior Survey

“…A high risk threshold was established for each scale (multiple risk/high vulnerability, violence/victimization, substance use, and mental health) by selecting the highest risk 20% of CPS respondents for each 16 . While this cutoff was empirical, it allowed us to analyze high multiple risk individuals as a group.…”

“…A high risk threshold was established for each scale (multiple risk/high vulnerability, violence/victimization, substance use, and mental health) by selecting the highest risk 20% of CPS respondents for each. 16 While this cutoff was empirical, it allowed us to analyze high multiple risk individuals as a group. This corresponded to >10/47 items for multiple risk, >2/11 for the violence and victimization items, >4/18 for the substance use items, and > 1/5 items for the mental health items.…”

Association between First Sexual Intercourse and Sexual Violence Victimization, Symptoms of Depression, and Suicidal Behaviors among Adolescents in the United States: Findings from 2017 and 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey

“…", with the following response options "I have never had sexual intercourse", "11 years old or younger", "12 years old", "13 years old", "14 years old", "15 years old", "16 years old", and "17 years old or older." For the purposes of this study and following the recommendation of past studies [9][10][11][12]14], adolescents who indicated having their first sexual intercourse before age 13 years old were considered as having engaged in ESI and were recoded as 1, whereas adolescents who indicated having their first sexual intercourse at aged 13 years and older were recoded as 0. Adolescents who have never had sexual intercourse were not considered in this analysis.…”

“…For instance, some studies defined ESI in relation to sexual intercourse before the age of 16 [6,7], while other scholars defined ESI as sexual intercourse before the age of 14 [8]. The majority of studies, however, defined ESI to mean sexual intercourse initiated before the age of 13 [9][10][11][12][13][14] as the age of 13 marks a critical milestone in an individual's life of transition from childhood into adolescence [15,16]. Population-based prevalence of ESI among adolescents is estimated to be in the range of 5-42%, depending on the age used in operationalizing age at ESI [17][18][19][20].…”

Políticas Públicas de Saúde para a Juventude - Estudo Bibliométrico e Agenda de Pesquisa com base na Web of Science

“…No que tange à violência, ainda, Pritchard et al 7 informam dados sobre mortes violentas de jovens civis nos Estados Unidos e em mais sete grandes países, no período de 1979 e 2015, em geral, por arma de fogo e por suicídio; onde lideram a lista: Japão, seguido por França e os Estados Unidos. Em escolas públicas de Chicago, de acordo com Korpics et al 8 , houve aumento de exposição ao risco de suicídio em jovens, com predominância masculina; embora reconheçam a redução de indicadores relativos ao uso substâncias e a violência. Nesse ponto, Singleton et al 9 ressaltam a baixa notificação sobre comportamento suicida em jovens, seja pela negação do jovem ou despreparo dos profissionais na detecção dos casos.…”