Declining prevalence and increasing awareness of HCV infection in Italy: A population-based survey in five metropolitan areas

Andriulli, Angelo; Stroffolini, Tommaso; Mariano, Andrea; Valvano, Maria Rosa; Grattagliano, Ignazio; Ippolito, A.; Grossi, Adriano; Brancaccio, Giuseppina; Coco, C.; Russello, Maurizio; Smedile, Antonina; Petrini, Elisa; Martini, Silvia; Gaeta, Giovanni Battista; Rizzetto, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2018.02.015

Cited by 81 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Recent reports about HBV and HCV infections among the overall population in Italy showed a prevalence of HBsAg positivity between 0.5% and 1% and about 2.3% of HCV Ab positivity (5,6). Our analysis documented similar rates (i.e.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Chronic Viral Hepatitis Do Not Affect 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease-Related Outcomes: An Observational Retrospective Study.

Turco

Guardigni

Galli

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BACKGROUND: To date, data about prevalence and clinical impact of viral hepatitis in COVID-19 are scarce and conflicting.METHODS: We conducted an observational, retrospective study including all subjects tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 from March to May 2020. We evaluated prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis and we performed a matched cohort analysis of patients with and without chronic viral hepatitis comparing COVID-related outcomes.RESULTS: 980 subjects resulted positive to SARS-CoV-2 on oropharyngeal swabs. Among them 12 (1,2%) were HBsAg positive and 6 (0,6%) had detectable HCV RNA. No one was receiving antiviral therapy. None of these had a documented liver cirrhosis.We identified 80 SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals with negative viral markers for HBV and HCV for the matched analysis. No statistical differences in hospitalization, need for MV and mortality rates (p 0.79, p 0.28 and p 0.8, respectively) were found. Although not statistically significant (p 0.12), a higher rate of those positive for viral hepatitis were admitted to ICU (29% Vs 15%). Median time of virus clearance was 27.5 (IQR 20,38) days, with no difference between the two groups (p 0.39, 95% CI (-12;4.8)). We found older age and male sex as factors associated with worse outcomes.CONCLUSION: Our analysis documented similar rates of chronic viral hepatitis among subjects with SARS-CoV-2 infection and general population. Furthermore, in our population, pre-existing viral liver infection did not have any impact on the clinical and virological course of COVID-19.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Chronic Viral Hepatitis Do Not Affect 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease-Related Outcomes: An Observational Retrospective Study.

Turco

Guardigni

Galli

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The World Health Organization estimated that the mean global prevalence of chronic HCV infection is 1.5% with some differences in terms of age and geographical area . In Italy, no large epidemiological studies of HCV infection have been conducted, but it is estimated that its prevalence in the general population ranges between 0.7% and 1.7%, with hidden infection in 20% of cases . Therefore, although a large number of patients have already been treated, and have achieved a very high SVR rate, HCV elimination remains elusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV point‐of‐care screening programme and treatment options for people who use drugs in a metropolitan area of Southern Italy

Persico

Masarone

Aglitti

et al. 2019

Liver International

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Background and aims People who use drugs (PWUD) represent an active reservoir of HCV infection. The prevalence of chronic HCV infection in PWUD in Italy remains unknown because of the lack of systematic screening. Thanks to direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs), hepatitis C can now be cured in most patients. Thus, the next challenge is to provide linkage‐to‐care for these patients. Methods In this scenario, we conducted a screening programme in PWUD attending seven Addiction Centers in Southern Italy, as well as a treatment programme in the Liver Unit of the University Hospital of Salerno. We used the OraQuick HCV antibody test to screen the PWUD (from 1 April to 30 September 2018). Results 593 subjects were consecutively enrolled in the programme; 250 (41.8%) were HCV‐Ab‐positive. 143 (24.1%) were aware of their infection and had been HCV‐RNA‐tested: 83 were positive and 60 negative. The remaining 107 subjects (18.1%) had never previously been tested and were unaware of their infection. A total of 160 (26.9%) HCV RNA‐positive patients were found and offered antiviral therapy with DAAs. The sustained virological response rate was 98.5% and no adverse events were recorded. Two patients voluntarily discontinued treatment. No reinfections have been recorded to date. Conclusions The prevalence of HCV‐Ab positivity was high in the PWUDs enrolled in this study, and almost half the patients were unaware of being HCV‐positive. The linkage‐to‐care provided was safe and effective, and no case of reinfection was recorded.

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“…The other one reported 0.60% in the general female population. Subgroup analysis of age-specific prevalence was available for Italy [19,20] and Poland [21]. In Italy [19,20]…”

Section: General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hepatitis C infection among the general population and high-risk groups in the EU/EEA: A systematic review update

Han

Zhou

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Although significant improvement in efficacy measured by a sustained virological response, the high acquisition costs of direct-acting antivirals limit the access for patients and influence the costs of healthcare resource utilisation in hepatitis C. It is important to have the latest estimates of prevalence, especially in high-risk groups, for cost of illness, cost-effectiveness and budget impact studies. Methods: Original studies on the estimates of the prevalence among general and high-risk populations in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) were retrieved from Medline and Embase for the period from 2015 to 2018. All included studies were evaluated for risk of selection bias and summarised together in a narrative form. Results from previous reviews and updated searches were compared per country among different populations, respectively. Results: Among the 3871 studies identified, 46 studies were included: 20 studies were used for the estimate of the general population; 3 for men who have sex with men (MSM); 6 for prisoners; and 17 for people who inject drugs (PWID). Compared with the results reported in previous systematic reviews, the updated estimates were lower than previously in most available countries. Anti-HCV general population prevalence estimates ranged from 0.54% to 1.50% by country. The highest prevalence of anti-HCV was found among PWID (range of 7.90% - 82.00%), followed by prisoners (7.00% - 41.00%), HIV-positive MSM (1.80% - 7.10%), HIV-negative MSM (0.20% - 1.80%), pregnant women (0.10% - 1.32%) and first-time blood donors (0.03% - 0.09%). Conclusions: Our study highlights the heterogeneity in anti-HCV prevalence across different population groups in EU/EEA. The prevalence also varies widely between European countries. There are many countries that are not represented in our results, highlighting the need for the development of robust epidemiological studies.

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Declining prevalence and increasing awareness of HCV infection in Italy: A population-based survey in five metropolitan areas

Cited by 81 publications

References 24 publications

Chronic Viral Hepatitis Do Not Affect 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease-Related Outcomes: An Observational Retrospective Study.

Chronic Viral Hepatitis Do Not Affect 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease-Related Outcomes: An Observational Retrospective Study.

HCV point‐of‐care screening programme and treatment options for people who use drugs in a metropolitan area of Southern Italy

Prevalence of hepatitis C infection among the general population and high-risk groups in the EU/EEA: A systematic review update

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