Decoding Biomechanical Cues Based on DNA Sensors

Abstract

Biological systems perceive and respond to mechanical forces, generating mechanical cues to regulate life processes. Analyzing biomechanical forces has profound significance for understanding biological functions. Therefore, a series of molecular mechanical techniques have been developed, mainly including single‐molecule force spectroscopy, traction force microscopy, and molecular tension sensor systems, which provide indispensable tools for advancing the field of mechanobiology. DNA molecules with a programmable structure and well‐defined mechanical characteristics have attached much attention to molecular tension sensors as sensing elements, and are designed for the study of biomechanical forces to present biomechanical information with high sensitivity and resolution. In this work, a comprehensive overview of molecular mechanical technology is presented, with a particular focus on molecular tension sensor systems, specifically those based on DNA. Finally, the future development and challenges of DNA‐based molecular tension sensor systems are looked upon.

In-SilicoAnalyses of Molecular Force Sensors for Mechanical Characterization of Biological Systems

“…Fluorescence signals from a single fluorophore, or a fluorophore with a quencher, can also be used as readouts to detect DNA dissociation under force. Any molecular event exerting sufficient force to rupture the duplex will trigger dissociation of the two strands leading to loss of fluorescence due to the fluorophore leaving the imaging plane (22,24) or increased fluorescence in the case of a fluorophore-quencher pair (18).…”