Decoding the Complex Genetic Network of Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni Using Advanced Gene Network Analysis

Abstract

Background and objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to public health in the 21st century, with bacteria such as Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) exhibiting multidrug resistance due to the presence of AMR genes. Understanding the evolutionary patterns and functional relationships of these genes is crucial for addressing this issue effectively. Methods:We conducted phylogenetic analysis to examine the evolution of AMR genes in C. jejuni. Additionally, we constructed and analyzed a gene interaction network comprising 39 functional relationships. Clustering analysis was employed to identify interconnected clusters associated with AMR processes. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to explore the involvement of cellular components, molecular functions, and biological processes.Results: Our analysis revealed two interconnected clusters (C1 and C2) closely associated with AMR processes. Furthermore, genes encoding ribosomal proteins (rplE, rplV, rplG, rplK, rplA, rplJ, rpsE, rplB, rpsL, and rpmA) were identified as hub genes within the gene interaction network. These genes interact frequently with their functional counterparts, indicating their significance in AMR mechanisms. Enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis highlighted the importance of the ribosome pathway in understanding antibiotic resistance mechanisms in C. jejuni. Conclusions:The findings of this study enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying AMR in C. jejuni. By elucidating the evolutionary patterns, gene interactions, and pathway enrichment, our study provides valuable insights that