Decoding the mannitol enigma in filamentous fungi

Solomon, Peter S.; Waters, Ormonde D. C.; Oliver, Richard P.

doi:10.1016/j.tim.2007.04.002

Cited by 143 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

123

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Nutrient deprivation, such as in the absence of carbon source or presence of mannitol, a hexose that is not produced in the plant and is usually used by fungi as a carbohydrate reserve (Solomon et al, 2007), induced the highest protein secretion in comparison to all other carbon sources tested. This was not related to a low specific growth rate, as in Trichoderma reesei (Pakula et al, 2005), or to the general energy metabolism of M. perniciosa, as suggested by our results with GLY ( Figure 5A).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon source-induced changes in the physiology of the cacao pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa (Basidiomycetes) affect mycelial morphology and secretion of necrosis-inducing proteins

Alvim¹,

Mattos²,

Pirovani³

et al. 2009

Genet. Mol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Quantitative and qualitative relationships were found between secreted proteins and their activity, and the hyphal morphology of Moniliophthora perniciosa, the causal agent of witches' broom disease in Theobroma cacao. This fungus was grown on fermentable and non-fermentable carbon sources; significant differences in mycelial morphology were observed and correlated with the carbon source. A biological assay performed with Nicotiana tabacum leaves revealed that the necrosis-related activity of extracellular fungal proteins also differed with carbon source. There were clear differences in the type and quantity of the secreted proteins. In addition, the expression of the cacao molecular chaperone BiP increased after treatment with secreted proteins, suggesting a physiological response to the fungus secretome. We suggest that the carbon source-dependent energy metabolism of M. perniciosa results in physiological alterations in protein expression and secretion; these may affect not only M. perniciosa growth, but also its ability to express pathogenicity proteins.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon source-induced changes in the physiology of the cacao pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa (Basidiomycetes) affect mycelial morphology and secretion of necrosis-inducing proteins

Alvim¹,

Mattos²,

Pirovani³

et al. 2009

Genet. Mol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although mannitol has been implicated as an osmoprotectant in the resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia (Bianchi et al, 1993), a study in N. coenophialum-infected tall fescue indicates that mannitol levels are not increased by drought (Richardson et al, 1992). A recent review (Solomon et al, 2007) also questions this role for mannitol and concludes that the role and requirement of mannitol seem to differ depending on the fungus. In Aspergillus niger, mannitol is involved in conidial oxidative and high-temperature stress protection (Ruijter et al, 2003), and in the wheat pathogen Stagonospora nodorum it is required for asexual sporulation (Solomon et al, 2006).…”

Section: Mannitol and Fungal Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Profiles ofLolium perenneAre Differentially Affected by Nitrogen Supply, Carbohydrate Content, and Fungal Endophyte Infection

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lolium perenne cultivars differing in their capacity to accumulate water soluble carbohydrates (WSCs) were infected with three strains of fungal Neotyphodium lolii endophytes or left uninfected. The endophyte strains differed in their alkaloid profiles. Plants were grown at two different levels of nitrogen (N) supply in a controlled environment. Metabolic profiles of blades were analyzed using a variety of analytical methods. A total of 66 response variables were subjected to a principle components analysis and factor rotation. The first three rotated factors (46% of the total variance) were subsequently analyzed by analysis of variance. At high N supply nitrogenous compounds, organic acids and lipids were increased; WSCs, chlorogenic acid (CGA), and fibers were decreased. The high-sugar cultivar 'AberDove' had reduced levels of nitrate, most minor amino acids, sulfur, and fibers compared to the control cultivar 'Fennema', whereas WSCs, CGA, and methionine were increased. In plants infected with endophytes, nitrate, several amino acids, and, magnesium were decreased; WSCs, lipids, some organic acids, and CGA were increased. Regrowth of blades was stimulated at high N, and there was a significant endophyte 3 cultivar interaction on regrowth. Mannitol, a fungal specific sugar alcohol, was significantly correlated with fungal biomass. Our findings suggest that effects of endophytes on metabolic profiles of L. perenne can be considerable, depending on host plant characteristics and nutrient supply, and we propose that a shift in carbon/N ratios and in secondary metabolite production as seen in our study is likely to have impacts on herbivore responses.

show abstract

“…A recent review (Solomon et al, 2007) also questions this role for mannitol as well as other claimed functions like fungal carbohydrate storage (Voegele et al, 2005) or NADPH regeneration (Hult and Gatenbeck, 1978;Hult et al, 1980). Solomon et al (2007) conclude that the role and requirements for mannitol seem to differ depending on the species of fungus. In Aspergillus niger, mannitol is involved in conidial oxidative and high temperature stress protection (Ruijter et al, 2003), and in the wheat (Triticum aestivum) pathogen Stagonospora nodorum it is required for asexual sporulation (Solomon et al, 2006).…”

Section: Biological Implications Of Identified Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although mannitol has been implicated as an osmoprotectant in the resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia (Bianchi et al, 1993) and in transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) expressing a celery (Apium graveolens) Man-6-P reductase (Sickler et al, 2007) as well as in Nicotiana tabacum expressing a mannitol-1-P dehydrogenase (Karakas et al, 1997), a study in tall fescue indicates that mannitol levels in endophyteinfected plants are not increased under drought stress (Richardson et al, 1992). A recent review (Solomon et al, 2007) also questions this role for mannitol as well as other claimed functions like fungal carbohydrate storage (Voegele et al, 2005) or NADPH regeneration (Hult and Gatenbeck, 1978;Hult et al, 1980). Solomon et al (2007) conclude that the role and requirements for mannitol seem to differ depending on the species of fungus.…”

Section: Biological Implications Of Identified Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Data-Mining Strategies for the Analysis of Direct-Infusion Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry Data from the Association of Perennial Ryegrass with Its Endophytic Fungus,Neotyphodium lolii

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Direct-infusion mass spectrometry (MS) was applied to study the metabolic effects of the symbiosis between the endophytic fungus Neotyphodium lolii and its host perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in three different tissues (immature leaf, blade, and sheath). Unbiased direct-infusion MS using a linear ion trap mass spectrometer allowed metabolic effects to be determined free of any preconceptions and in a high-throughput fashion. Not only the full MS 1 mass spectra (range 150-1,000 mass-to-charge ratio) were obtained but also MS 2 and MS 3 product ion spectra were collected on the most intense MS 1 ions as described previously (Koulman et al., 2007b). We developed a novel computational methodology to take advantage of the MS 2 product ion spectra collected. Several heterogeneous MS 1 bins (different MS 2 spectra from the same nominal MS 1 ) were identified with this method. Exploratory data analysis approaches were also developed to investigate how the metabolome differs in perennial ryegrass infected with N. lolii in comparison to uninfected perennial ryegrass. As well as some known fungal metabolites like peramine and mannitol, several novel metabolites involved in the symbiosis, including putative cyclic oligopeptides, were identified. Correlation network analysis revealed a group of structurally related oligosaccharides, which differed significantly in concentration in perennial ryegrass sheaths due to endophyte infection. This study demonstrates the potential of the combination of unbiased metabolite profiling using ion trap MS and advanced data-mining strategies for discovering unexpected perturbations of the metabolome, and generating new scientific questions for more detailed investigations in the future.With the advent of metabolomics, methods for the simultaneous analysis of a large number of small molecules (metabolites) have been developed and improved, providing more details about the metabolism of complex biological systems (Sumner et al., 2003;Dettmer et al., 2007). Metabolite fingerprinting methods provide relatively unbiased and high-throughput information on complex biological systems and have been used for yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) strain classification (Allen et al., 2003) and annotation of gene functions (Raamsdonk et al., 2001). Comprehensive and unbiased metabolite analysis is also an indispensable tool for systems biology together with transcriptomics and proteomics (see commentary by Sauer et al., 2007). Direct-infusion (without prior chromatographic separation) electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) was introduced as a tool for the identification of novel fungal metabolites in culture (Smedsgaard and Frisvad, 1996) and is now widely applied in metabolomics (for a recent review, see Dettmer et al., 2007). High resolution MS instrumentation such as time-of-flight MS (Dunn et al., 2005) or Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS (FT-ICR-MS; Aharoni et al., 2002) is often preferred for the specificity provided by resolution of isobaric ions and highly accurate e...

show abstract

Decoding the mannitol enigma in filamentous fungi

Cited by 143 publications

References 45 publications

Carbon source-induced changes in the physiology of the cacao pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa (Basidiomycetes) affect mycelial morphology and secretion of necrosis-inducing proteins

Carbon source-induced changes in the physiology of the cacao pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa (Basidiomycetes) affect mycelial morphology and secretion of necrosis-inducing proteins

Metabolic Profiles ofLolium perenneAre Differentially Affected by Nitrogen Supply, Carbohydrate Content, and Fungal Endophyte Infection

Advanced Data-Mining Strategies for the Analysis of Direct-Infusion Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry Data from the Association of Perennial Ryegrass with Its Endophytic Fungus,Neotyphodium lolii

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About