Decoding the mechanism of hypertension through multiomics profiling

Abstract

Hypertension, characterised by a constant high blood pressure, is the primary risk factor for multiple cardiovascular events and a major cause of death in adults. Excitingly, innovations in high-throughput technologies have enabled the global exploration of the whole genome (genomics), revealing dysregulated genes that are linked to hypertension. Moreover, post-genomic biomarkers, from the emerging fields of transcriptomics, proteomics, glycomics and lipidomics, have provided new insights into the molecular underpinnings of hypertension. In this paper, we review the pathophysiology of hypertension, and highlight the multi-omics approaches for hypertension prediction and diagnosis.

Microbial influence on blood pressure: unraveling the complex relationship for health insights

“…TMAO has been shown to influence BP, with studies demonstrating its BP-lowering effects in patients with resistant hypertension [29] . Additionally, gut bacteria and their metabolites may affect BP variability through systemic mechanisms outside the intestine [8] . BAs have been implicated in BP regulation.…”

“…The microbially-derived NO can cross the epithelial barriers, reaching the portal vein and eventually entering the systemic circulation [54] . The production of nitric oxide from dietary nitrates by the GM represents an important link between diet, the gut microbiome, and cardiovascular function, highlighting the potential impact of microbial metabolism on human health [8] .…”

“…Thanks to the power of bioinformatics and high-throughput technologies, an extensive global genome exploration has been made possible, revealing dysregulated genes that are closely associated with hypertension [7] . Beyond genomics, novel insights into the molecular basis of hypertension have been provided by postgenomic biomarkers derived from metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, glycomics, and lipidomics [8] .…”

Conceptualised psycho-medical footprint for health status outcomes and the potential impacts for early detection and prevention of chronic diseases in the context of 3P medicine

“…inherited genetic mutations), mRNAs, proteins, glycans and lipids. When these biomarkers are combined with subclinical phenotypes, a holistic SHS diagnosis can be established for use in 3PM of chronic diseases [ 52 , 53 ]. The availability of next-generation sequencing technologies and state of the art techniques including tandem mass spectrometry, ultraperformance liquid chromatography and capillary gel electrophoresis have made the quantification and detection of metabolites seamless [ 54 – 56 ].…”

Unrecognized hypertension among a general adult Ghanaian population: An urban community-based cross-sectional study of prevalence and putative risk factors of lifestyle and obesity indices

“…Increasing evidence from literature suggests that excess weight gain/obesity is significantly associated with the development of hypertension [ 16 , 17 ]. The use of population-based studies to investigate the link between obesity and hypertension have significant benefits because these findings contribute to the knowledge on the burden of these potentially modifiable factors that can be addressed through public health intervention programs.…”