Decolorization of hair dye by lignocellulosic waste materials from contaminated waters

Abstract

Basic yellow 57 (BY57) was chosen as a model hair dye due to its prevalence in cosmetics wastewaters. This study proposes the use of lignocellulosic materials like spent tea leaves of peppermint (PM), chai tea (CT), and chamomile (CM) as raw adsorbents for the removal of BY57 from contaminated solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out at room temperature to achieve the maximum adsorption capacity. Results indicate that the highest removal is achieved at pH 6-8, with a minimum adsorbent mass of 75 mg and in the absence of salinity, crowding agents and heavy metals. Adsorption equilibria were modeled according to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm theories and reported the following trend: PM > CT > CM, reaching q max values of 105, 80, and 38 mg of dye per gram of adsorbent, respectively. Desorption experiments showed that diluted solution of HCl is able to desorb up to 80% of the dye and recover the adsorbent to be used in consecutive cycles. Finally, the adsorbents were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), indicating that the adsorbents have a porous and heterogeneous surface, showing pockets and protrusions that are potential adsorption sites for the dye.

Insights into the Eco-Friendly Adsorption of Caffeine from Contaminated Solutions by Using Hydrogel Beads

“…This could be explained by the +2 charge of calcium ions, which may interrupt the caffeine/adsorbent interactions. This behavior has been also observed with other pollutants like drugs, dyes and heavy metals [12,17,18].…”

“…Previous work indicates that marine algae can be potentially used for the removal of copper (II) ions [11], sulfa drugs [12] and other heavy metals [13] from aqueous solutions. A more sustainable research has also demonstrated that spent chai tea leaves are good candidates for the removal of heavy metals from contaminates solutions [14] and artificial dyes [15][16][17]. More recent work has encapsulated spent tea leaves into chitosan hydrogel beads for the removal of cupric ions from solutions [18].…”

“…The affinity of these biomaterials towards pollutants is associated with the presence of active organic functional groups such as carboxyl, amine, and hydroxyl groups, which have proven to be adsorption sites for inorganic and organic pollutants [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Other natural polymers are found in prevalent organisms in nature, such as chitosan and poly-alginic acid.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Chemically-Modified Biomaterials and Their Application as Adsorbents of Penicillin G

“…This CO 2 has an effect on the greenhouse effect in the long-term range [6]. Recent efforts have been invested in the use of naturally-occurring materials, such as marine algae, products from seashells, and lignocellulosic materials in their raw state as potential adsorbents of water pollutants [7][8][9][10]. For example, hydrogel beads of chitosan and alginate have been used in the removal of caffeine [11], even in the presence of salts and other interfering substances.…”

Morphology of Modified Biochar and Its Potential for Phenol Removal from Aqueous Solutions

“…These models are based either on solution concentration, e.g., first-order, second-order reversible or irreversible and pseudo-first, pseudo-second order or on adsorption efficiency, e.g., Lagergren's first-order equation, Zeldowitsch's model and Elovich's equation (Ho and McKay, 1999;Ho, 2006a,b;Dari et al, 2015;Zahir et al, 2015).…”