Decommissioning of offshore platform: A sustainable framework

Zawawi, Noor Amila Wan Abdullah; Liew, Mohd Shahir; Na, K. L.

doi:10.1109/chuser.2012.6504275

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Decommissioning regulations and options in various countries and regions have been reported on and assessed extensively in the literature. While decommissioning in the North Sea and the United States (US) has been well studied (e.g., Reggio, 1987;Löfstedt and Renn, 1997;Dauterive, 2000;Cripps and Aabel, 2002;Schroeder and Love, 2004;Kaiser and Pulsipher, 2005;Jørgensen, 2012;Claisse et al, 2015), there has been more recent focus on decommissioning policy in relatively "new" oil and gas producing regions, such as south-east Asia (Zawawi et al, 2012;Al-Ghuribi et al, 2016;Fam et al, 2018;Laister and Jagerroos, 2018), Australia (Fowler et al, 2015;Techera and Chandler, 2015;Chandler et al, 2017), and Brazil (Barros et al, 2017;Mimmi et al, 2017). Two recent reviews (Bull and Love, 2019;Sommer et al, 2019) provide comprehensive assessments of the literature on the decommissioning process, options, and regulations around the world.…”

Section: Decommissioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms as Novel Ecosystems: A Global Perspective

et al. 2019

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Offshore oil and gas platforms are found on continental shelves throughout the world's oceans. Over the course of their decades-long lifespans , these platforms become ecologically important artificial reefs, supporting a variety of marine life. When offshore platforms are no longer active they are decommissioned, which usually requires the removal of the entire platform from the marine environment, destroying the artificial reef that has been created and potentially resulting in the loss of important ecosystem services. While some countries allow for these platforms to be converted into artificial reefs under Rigs-to-Reefs programs, they face significant resistance from various stakeholders. The presence of offshore platforms and the associated marine life alters the ecosystem from that which existed prior to the installation of the platform, and there may be factors which make restoration of the ecosystem unfeasible or even detrimental to the environment. In these cases, a novel ecosystem has emerged with potentially significant ecological value. In restoration ecology, ecosystems altered in this way can be classified and managed using the novel ecosystems concept, which recognizes the value of the new ecosystem functions and services and allows for the ecosystem to be managed in its novel state, instead of being restored. Offshore platforms can be assessed under the novel ecosystems concept using existing decommissioning decision analysis models as a base. With thousands of platforms to be decommissioned around the world in coming decades, the novel ecosystems concept provides a mechanism for recognizing the ecological role played by offshore platforms.

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Section: Decommissioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms as Novel Ecosystems: A Global Perspective

et al. 2019

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“…Based on the systematic literature review, all potential OOGP decommissioning options are divided into three categories: reuse, recycling, and disposal. Usually, reuse has the top priority considering the sustainability as its energy consumption is relatively small compared to recycling (Zawawi et al 2012) and more environmentally friendly than disposal. An OOGP can choose one decommissioning option for the whole structure.…”

Section: Summarized Potential Oogp Decommissioning Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An OOGP can choose one decommissioning option for the whole structure. For example, the platform can be transferred to a Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) terminal or an offshore hotel (Zawawi et al 2012). In addition, different decommissioning options can also be applied to the different parts of an OOGP.…”

Section: Summarized Potential Oogp Decommissioning Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A semi-automated approach to generate 4D/5D BIM models for evaluating different offshore oil and gas platform decommissioning options

et al. 2017

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Background: Offshore oil and gas platforms generally have a lifetime of 30 to 40 years, and platform decommissioning is a major issue because many of the existing offshore oil and gas platforms are reaching the end of their service life. There are many possible options for decommissioning offshore oil and gas platforms, and each decommissioning option can be implemented using different methods and technologies. Therefore, it is necessary to have a clear understanding and in-depth evaluation of each decommissioning option before commencing platform decommissioning. 4D and 5D building information modeling (BIM) has been commonly used in the building industry to analyze constructability and to evaluate different construction or demolition plans. However, application of BIM in the oil and gas industry, especially for the platform decommissioning process, is still limited. Methods: This paper suggests and demonstrates the application of 4D and 5D BIM technology to simulate various methodologies to realize various selected offshore platform decommissioning options, thereby visualizing and evaluating different options, considering both the time and resources required for decommissioning process. One hundred and seventy-seven offshore platform decommissioning options are summarized in this paper. A new approach to create multiple 4D/5D BIM models in a semi-automated manner for evaluating various scenario options of OOGP decommissioning was proposed to reduce the model creation time as current way of 4D/5D BIM model creation for each OOGP decommissioning option is time consuming. Results: In the proposed approach, an OOGP BIM model relationship database that contains possible 4D/5D BIM model relationships (i.e. schedules for different decommissioning methods) for different parts of an OOGP was generated. Different OOGP decommissioning options can be simulated and visualized with 4D/5D BIM models created by automatically matching schedules, resources, cost information and 3D BIM models. This paper also presents an illustrative example of the proposed approach, which simulates and evaluates two decommissioning options of a fixed jacket platform, namely Rig-to-Reef and Removal-to-Shore. As compared to the traditional approach of 4D/5D BIM model generation, the proposed semi-automated approach reduces the model generation time by 58.8% in the illustrative example.

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“…The RTR concept began as early as 1975, when in the South China Sea (Malaysia) the storm-damaged Baram-8 platform was toppled to form the base of an artificial reef (Zawawi et al, 2012). Since then, RTR schemes have been legislated only in Brunei's sector of the South China Sea (Twomey, 2012), and in the United States' (US) Gulf of Mexico (GoM) in Louisiana and Texas, and in Pacific California (Jørgensen, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%