Decomposition as a Process—some Main Features

Berg, Björn; McClaugherty, Charles

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59631-6_2

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Interestingly, it was observed that there was a significantly negative correlation between litter decomposition and soil respiration in both week 3 (R = −0.41, p < 0.001) and week 6 (R = −0.47, p < 0.001), which is in line with the previous study [21]. The litter decomposition lead to two processes, i.e., CO2 release and the leaching of C-and N-containing compounds [40]. Organic materials, as a crucial carbon source in the microcosm, significantly increased soil respiration in terms of CO2 production.…”

Section: Soil Respirationsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The litter bag containing hemp stem significantly increased the proportion of water-stable aggregates in spite of the PFBS concentration (p < 0.05), with an effect size of 11.3% (95% CI: 7.65%-14.8%) (Figure 3b). However, the soil The litter decomposition lead to two processes, i.e., CO 2 release and the leaching of C-and N-containing compounds [40]. Organic materials, as a crucial carbon source in the microcosm, significantly increased soil respiration in terms of CO 2 production.…”

Section: Soil Water-stable Aggregatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Litter Decomposition Is Not Affected by Perfluorobutane Sulfonate (PFBS) in Experimental Soil Microcosms

Zhang

Rillig

2023

Soil Systems

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Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) has been found in increasing concentrations in the environment. However, its effect on litter decomposition in soils is still unclear. Therefore, the effect of PFBS on the decomposition of various litter types was tested, as well as on selected aspects of soil quality. Soil samples were treated with different concentrations of PFBS (0, 1, and 10 µg g–1) and five organic litter materials were used with various C:N ratios. A soil microcosm experiment was performed at 20 °C for 6 weeks. Litter decomposition, soil respiration, enzyme activities, soil pH, water-stable aggregates (WSA), and soil total C and N contents were measured. PFBS treatments were observed to have negligible effects on litter decomposition as well as on other soil properties. This means that in the concentration range examined, this substance has no observable effects on the key soil parameters examined. The present result was inconsistent with the findings of a previous study with similar experimental microcosms but different soils. This study suggests that the effects of PFBS may be less pronounced in the tested soil, but it cannot be concluded that PFBS is harmless in soil ecosystems. A wider range of soil types and PFBS levels should be tested in future studies.

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Section: Soil Respirationsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Soil Water-stable Aggregatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litter Decomposition Is Not Affected by Perfluorobutane Sulfonate (PFBS) in Experimental Soil Microcosms

Zhang

Rillig

2023

Soil Systems

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“…The chemical character and biological reactivity of DOM inputs from organic horizons also differed between forest types (Table S1, Figure 4). While the old‐growth had more recalcitrant DOM inputs, the more reactive DOM compounds of the second‐growth inputs (Figures 3(c) and 4) and associated fluorescence indicators (Figure 3(a),(b)) were typical of DOM released from pine litter (Beggs & Summers, 2011; Berg & McClaugherty, 2014; Reckhow, et al, 1990; Yavitt & Fahey, 1984). The similar forest composition and soil C content of the adjacent hillslopes suggest that pre‐harvest DOM differences would have been minimal (Table S2, Reuss et al, 1997; Stottlemyer & Troendle, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amount and reactivity of dissolved organic matter export are affected by land cover change from old‐growth to second‐growth forests in headwater ecosystems

Fegel

Boot

Covino

et al. 2021

Hydrological Processes

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Headwater forest ecosystems of the western USA generate a large portion of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) transported in streams across North America. Land cover changes that alter forest structure and species composition affect the quantity and composition of DOM transferred to aquatic ecosystems. Clear-cut harvesting affects $1% of the forest area of North America annually, leaving most western forests in varying stages of regrowth and the total area of old-growth forest is decreasing. The consequences of this widespread management practice on watershed carbon cycling remain unknown. We investigated the role of land cover change, because of clear-cut harvesting, from mixed-species old-growth to lodgepole pinedominated second-growth forest on the character and reactivity of hillslope DOM exports. We evaluated inputs of DOM from litter leachates and export of DOM collected at the base of trenched hillslopes during a 3-year period (2016-2018) at the Fraser Experimental Forest in north-central Colorado, USA. Dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen were higher in lateral subsurface flow draining old-versus second-growth forest. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the DOM exported from the old-growth forest was more heterogeneous and aromatic and that proteinaceous, microbially processed DOM components were more prevalent in the second-growth forest. Biological oxygen demand assays revealed much lower microbial metabolism of DOM in litter leachate and subsurface exports from the oldgrowth forest relative to second growth. Old-growth and second-growth forests are co-mingled in managed ecosystems, and our findings demonstrate that land cover change from a mixture of conifer species to lodgepole pine dominance influences DOM inputs that can increase the reactivity of DOM transferred from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems.

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“…Decomposed litters were produced through a decomposition experiment carried out under field conditions using the litterbag method (Berg & McClaugherty, 2014). Briefly, large (30 × 30 cm) terylene litterbags (mesh size 1.5 mm) were filled with 10 g of litter and placed over the soil surface under the canopy of A. glutinosa .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field evidence for litter and self‐DNA inhibitory effects on Alnus glutinosa roots

et al. 2022

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Summary Litter decomposition releases nutrients beneficial to plants but also induces phytotoxicity. Phytotoxicity can result from either labile allelopathic compounds or species specific and caused by conspecific DNA. Aquatic plants in flowing water generally do not suffer phytotoxicity because litter is regularly removed. In stagnant water or in litter packs an impact on root functionality can occur. So far, studies on water plant roots have been carried out in laboratory and never in field conditions. The effect of conspecific vs heterospecific litter and purified DNA were assessed on aquatic roots of the riparian woody species Alnus glutinosa L. using a novel method, using closed and open plastic tubes fixed to single roots in the field with closed tubes analogous to stagnant water. Four fresh and four decomposed litter types were used and analysed on extractable C, cellulose, lignin, N content and using 13C‐CPMAS NMR spectroscopy. Inhibitory effects were observed with fresh litter in closed systems, with a positive correlation with extractable C and negative with lignin and lignin : N ratio. Alnus self‐DNA, but not heterologous one, caused acute toxic effects in the closed system. Our results demonstrate the first field‐based evidence for self‐DNA inhibition as causal factor of negative feedback between plants and substrate.

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Decomposition as a Process—some Main Features

Cited by 6 publications

References 52 publications

Litter Decomposition Is Not Affected by Perfluorobutane Sulfonate (PFBS) in Experimental Soil Microcosms

Litter Decomposition Is Not Affected by Perfluorobutane Sulfonate (PFBS) in Experimental Soil Microcosms

Amount and reactivity of dissolved organic matter export are affected by land cover change from old‐growth to second‐growth forests in headwater ecosystems

Field evidence for litter and self‐DNA inhibitory effects on Alnus glutinosa roots

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