Decomposition, nitrogen release and weed control by prunings of selected alley cropping shrubs

Yamoah, Charles F.; Agboola, A. A.; Mulongoy, K.

doi:10.1007/bf02028358

Cited by 87 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…This reduction is probably due to the complementary processes of: (1) mulch from hedgerow prunings providing a ground cover (Yamoah et al, 1986a;Kang, 1993); (2) hedgerows shading the alleys (Yamoah et al, 1986a;Jama et al, 1991) and competing with weeds for other growth resources (Rippin et al, 1994); and (3) potential allelopathy from hedgerow species (Obondo, 1987;Weston, 1996).…”

Section: Weed Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Species with slowly decomposing biomass, such as inga, achieved greater weed control than leucaena or erythrina in Peru (Salazar et al, 1993). Similarly, S. siamea controlled weeds better than gliricidia and flemingia in Nigeria (Yamoah et al, 1986a). In regard to weed control, the relative importance of competition and mulching effects depends on tree species.…”

Section: Weed Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biophysical interactions in tropical agroforestry systems

Rao¹,

Nair²,

Ong³

1998

Forestry Sciences

111

124

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Abstract. The rate and extent to which biophysical resources are captured and utilized by the components of an agroforestry system are determined by the nature and intensity of interactions between the components. The net effect of these interactions is often determined by the influence of the tree component on the other component(s) and/or on the overall system, and is expressed in terms of such quantifiable responses as soil fertility changes, microclimate modification, resource (water, nutrients, and light) availability and utilization, pest and disease incidence, and allelopathy. The paper reviews such manifestations of biophysical interactions in major simultaneous (e.g., hedgerow intercropping and trees on croplands) and sequential (e.g., planted tree fallows) agroforestry systems.In hedgerow intercropping (HI), the hedge/crop interactions are dominated by soil fertility improvement and competition for growth resources. Higher crop yields in HI than in sole cropping are noted mostly in inherently fertile soils in humid and subhumid tropics, and are caused by large fertility improvement relative to the effects of competition. But, yield increases are rare in semiarid tropics and infertile acid soils because fertility improvement does not offset the large competitive effect of hedgerows with crops for water and/or nutrients. Whereas improved soil fertility and microclimate positively influence crop yields underneath the canopies of scattered trees in semiarid climates, intense shading caused by large, evergreen trees negatively affects the yields. Trees in boundary plantings compete with crops for above-and belowground resources, with belowground competition of trees often extending beyond their crown areas. The major biophysical interactions in improved planted fallows are improvement of soil nitrogen status and reduction of weeds in the fallow phase, and increased crop yields in the subsequent cropping phase. In such systems, the negative effects of competition and microclimate modification are avoided in the absence of direct tree-crop interactions.Future research on biophysical interactions should concentrate on (1) exploiting the diversity that exists within and between species of trees, (2) determining interactions between systems at different spatial (farm and landscape) and temporal scales, (3) improving understanding of belowground interactions, (4) assessing the environmental implications of agroforestry, particularly in the humid tropics, and (5) devising management schedules for agroforestry components in order to maximize benefits.

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Section: Weed Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Weed Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical interactions in tropical agroforestry systems

Rao¹,

Nair²,

Ong³

1998

Forestry Sciences

111

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, in addition to soil improvement, mulching material also suppresses weed growth (Budelman, 1988). Weed growth has been shown to be suppressed in alley cropping by canopy closure (Yamoah et al, 1986). Besides physically suppressing the weeds, plant residues decomposition can also release phytotoxic compounds that inhibit crop and weed growth (Tian & Kang, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed control via intercropping with gliricidia: I. cotton crop

Silva

Carvalho

et al. 2009

Planta daninha

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-The majority of cotton grown commercially in the world has white lint, but recently, there has been a growing interest in colored lint cotton in several countries, including Brazil. The use of naturally-colored fiber reduces chemical pollution. The objective of this paper was to evaluate cotton cultivar fiber yield in response to weed control via intercropping with gliricídia. Cultivars BRS-Verde (greenish fibers), BRS-Rubi (reddish brown fibers), BRS-Safira (brown fibers), and BRS-187 8H (white fibers) were submitted to the following treatments: no hoeing, two hoeings (at 20 and 40 days after transplanting), and cotton intercropped with gliricídia. In the intercropped treatment, gliricídia was planted between rows of cotton plants, using one seedling pit -1 , in pits spaced 50.0 cm apart. Twelve weed species predominated in the experiment, many of them belonging to the Poaceae family. Weeds occurred at different frequencies and in a non-uniform manner in the experimental area. Cultivars did not influence weed dry matter. Intercropping with gliricídia reduced weed dry matter but did not prevent reductions in cotton fiber and seed cotton yield, which were higher in hoed plots. Cultivar BRS Safira had the highest fiber yield, but no differences were observed between cultivars regarding to seed cotton yield.Keywords: naturally-colored cotton fiber, Gliricidia sepium, cultivars.RESUMO -A grande maioria do algodoeiro cultivado comercialmente no mundo possui fibra branca, porém atualmente existe crescente interesse em diversos países, inclusive no Brasil, pelo algodão de fibra colorida. O uso de fibras naturalmente coloridas reduz a poluição química, por dispensar o uso de corantes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o rendimento de fibras de cultivares de algodoeiro em resposta ao controle de plantas daninhas por meio da consorciação com a gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium). Os cultivares BRS-Verde (fibras esverdeadas), BRS-Rubi (fibras marrons avermelhadas), BRS-Safira (fibras amarronzadas) e BRS-187 8H (fibras brancas) foram submetidos aos seguintes tratamentos: sem capinas, duas capinas (aos 20 e 40 dias após o transplantio) e consorciação do algodoeiro com a gliricídia. Na consorciação, a gliricídia foi plantada entre as fileiras do algodoeiro, usandose uma plântula por cova, em covas espaçadas por 0,50 m. Doze espécies de plantas daninhas ocorreram no experimento, a maioria delas pertencente à família Poaceae. As plantas daninhas ocorreram com diferentes frequências, distribuídas desuniformemente na área experimental. Os cultivares não influenciaram a matéria seca das plantas daninhas. A consorciação com a gliricídia reduziu a matéria seca das plantas daninhas, mas não evitou reduções nos rendimentos de algodão em fibra e em caroço, que foram maiores nas parcelas que receberam capinas. O cultivar BRS-Safira apresentou o maior rendimento de fibras, porém não houve diferenças entre cultivares quanto ao rendimento de algodão em caroço.Palavras-chave: algodão de fibra naturalmente colorida, Gliricidia sepiu...

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“…There are some studies [5,11] that reported mass loss during decomposition in the absence of plant quality, climate and microbial data that are needed for explaining the process and modeling purposes. It is high time that studies of decomposition proceed beyond descriptive to predictive phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Population In Decompsing Legume Litter Of Differing Quality

Oyun¹,

Akharayi²,

Adetuyi³

2006

American J. of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Abstract:The influence of litter quality on microbial population during decomposition of fresh pruning of Acacia auriculiformis; Gliricidia sepium and Acacia mixed with Gliricidia (50 : 50) is reported. Acacia (soluble C, 46.6%; N, 3.9%; Phenolic, 2.3%) was rated as low quality litter while Gliricidia (soluble C, 45.2%; N, 4.8%; Phenolic, 2.3%) was rated as high quality litter. Acacia mixed with Gliricidia (50 : 50) had an initial phase of rapid decomposition followed by a second phase of comparatively lower decomposition rate. Acacia litter showed only a single phase of decomposition. Bacteria population increased linearly with nutrient content that was immobilized during decomposition, while fungal population varied more with litter type than with different phases of decomposition. Generally, the bacteria population isolated from Acacia-Gliricidia mixture was highest, followed by Gliricidia while it is lowest in Acacia, however more fungal population were isolated from Acacia litter than Gliricidia litter in all the phases of decomposition.

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Decomposition, nitrogen release and weed control by prunings of selected alley cropping shrubs

Cited by 87 publications

References 1 publication

Biophysical interactions in tropical agroforestry systems

Biophysical interactions in tropical agroforestry systems

Weed control via intercropping with gliricidia: I. cotton crop

Microbial Population In Decompsing Legume Litter Of Differing Quality

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