Deconstructing cold hardiness: variation in supercooling ability and chilling requirements in the wild grapevine<i>Vitis riparia</i>

Londo, Jason P.; Kovaleski, Alisson P.

doi:10.1111/ajgw.12389

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Another study tracked cold hardiness across 2 yr, making use of 43 Vitis riparia Michx. accessions collected across a broad geographic distribution but available as living plants in a single germplasm collection (Londo and Kovaleski, 2019). Living germplasm collections are also a valuable tool for characterizing diversity in bloom time, as evidenced by work examining the USDA apple germplasm collection for variation in floral development among accessions of the domesticated apple, wild Malus, and hybrids (Gottschalk and van Nocker, 2013).…”

Section: Applications Of Living Collections For Understanding Plant Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Living Germplasm Collections to Characterize, Improve, and Conserve Woody Perennials

et al. 2019

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Woody perennial plants make up nearly half of plant diversity and represent one‐third of the world's major crop species, yet effective strategies to maintain and preserve these important species require additional attention. The majority of conservation programs focus on seed storage; however, seeds of many woody perennial plants are difficult to maintain in seed banks because they are recalcitrant. In addition, most woody perennial crops are clonally propagated, and seed‐based conservation efforts miss clonal lineages that form the foundation of woody perennial agriculture. Woody crops are often best maintained as living collections, but these compose only 5.8% of ex situ germplasm collections. Living germplasm collections are critical resources for exploring and conserving genetic and phenotypic diversity and provide novel material for breeding efforts. In this review, we examine how living germplasm collections can be used for for phenotypic description, genetic characterization, and plant breeding. Lastly, we outline the importance of conserving these valuable resources and highlight the need for conservation strategies that are appropriately designed for woody perennial species.

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Section: Applications Of Living Collections For Understanding Plant Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Living Germplasm Collections to Characterize, Improve, and Conserve Woody Perennials

et al. 2019

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“…The timing of subzero temperatures, intermittent winter warming temperatures, and the dormancy status of the buds may affect potential bud freezing damage. Sudden subzero temperature drops in early fall, as buds are entering dormancy, or in the spring when bud chilling requirement is fulfilled, can be damaging [8,16]. The transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy is driven by a genotype specific amount of exposure to hours of low temperature (0 to 7 • C) needed to achieve chilling fulfillment [17] and transition the vine to ecodormancy, followed by bud break with the increasing spring temperature [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In regions with early warming periods, it is important to maintain vine dormancy to avoid frost damage in the spring [14,18]. Cultivars with a greater chilling fulfilment requirement and slower deacclimation rates would be useful for avoiding spring freezes in a changing climate [16]. Sustainability of grapevines is dependent on the interaction of the grapevine's response to local temperatures during acclimation and deacclimation periods, as well as the extreme winter low temperatures in a year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freezing Tolerance and Chilling Fulfillment Differences in Cold Climate Grape Cultivars

2020

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Grapevine sustainability is impacted by the timing of dormancy initiation and freezing tolerance in fall and winter and chilling fulfillment and bud break in the spring. These traits have genetic and local temperature contributing factors; therefore, this study was undertaken to develop an understanding of these characteristics in four recently developed cold climate cultivars. The cold hardiness and chilling fulfillment profiles were monitored in Brianna, Frontenac gris, La Crescent and Marquette using differential thermal analyses and bud break assays. Bud cold hardiness of all cultivars increased with the declining temperatures from November through February, after which the buds began to lose freezing tolerance. There were significant differences in cold hardiness and chilling fulfillment between cultivars during the endodormant and ecodormant period of winter. Marquette had the greatest freezing tolerance from early November through midwinter suggesting it has potential as a sentinel cultivar for comparisons of new cold climate selections. Brianna was slower to acclimate and deacclimated more rapidly than the other cultivars. Chilling fulfillment under natural field or constant 4 °C conditions showed no main effect differences for chilling accumulation condition; however, there were significant cultivar, condition, and time point interactions, indicating the cultivars differed in chilling fulfillment responses.

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“…Growth resumption under forcing conditions, marked by the appearance of budbreak (e.g., opening of outer scales and emergence of tissue from the bud), is typically used to evaluate the changes in dormancy level that occur during winter 3,4 . However, this comparison of phenological stage is dependent on comparable development between genotypes or species: if growth and expansion in the bud during dormancy release is not the same in all genotypes, we could incorrectly describe the relationship of cold hardiness and budbreak phenology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray phase contrast imaging of Vitis spp. buds shows freezing pattern and correlation between volume and cold hardiness

Kovaleski

Londo

Finkelstein

2019

Sci Rep

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Grapevine (Vitis spp.) buds must survive winter temperatures in order to resume growth when suitable conditions return in spring. They do so by developing cold hardiness through deep supercooling, but the mechanistic process of supercooling in buds remains largely unknown. Here we use synchrotron X-ray phase contrast imaging to study cold hardiness-related characteristics of V. amurensis, V. riparia, and V. vinifera buds: time-resolved 2D imaging was used to visualize freezing; and microtomography was used to evaluate morphological changes during deacclimation. Bud cold hardiness was determined (low temperature exotherms; LTEs) using needle thermocouples during 2D imaging as buds were cooled with a N2 gas cryostream. Resolution in 2D imaging did not allow for ice crystal identification, but freezing was assessed by movement of tissues coinciding with LTE values. Freezing was observed to propagate from the center of the bud toward the outer bud scales. The freezing events observed lasted several minutes. Additionally, loss of supercooling ability appears to be correlated with increases in bud tissue volume during the process of deacclimation, but major increases in volume occur after most of the supercooling ability is lost, suggesting growth resumption processes are limited by deacclimation state.

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Deconstructing cold hardiness: variation in supercooling ability and chilling requirements in the wild grapevineVitis riparia

Cited by 26 publications

References 53 publications

Using Living Germplasm Collections to Characterize, Improve, and Conserve Woody Perennials

Using Living Germplasm Collections to Characterize, Improve, and Conserve Woody Perennials

Freezing Tolerance and Chilling Fulfillment Differences in Cold Climate Grape Cultivars

X-ray phase contrast imaging of Vitis spp. buds shows freezing pattern and correlation between volume and cold hardiness

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