Decontamination of titanium implants using physical methods

Al-Hashedi, Ashwaq Ali; Laurenti, Marco; Benhamou, Veronique; Tamimi, Faleh

doi:10.1111/clr.12914

Cited by 60 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…With erbium lasers, more effective removal of calcified deposits and re‐acquisition of Ti surface were achieved, compared to CP and TC, while preserving the microstructures without any thermal damage; although time required was considerably long because of the lower ablation rate of calcium carbonate compared to that of calculus (calcium phosphate). Scratches on the smooth surface, and uncertainty of debridement, when using a curette, were results like previous reports …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effective removal of calcified deposits on microstructured titanium fixture surfaces of dental implants with erbium lasers

Toru

Aoki

Ichinose

et al. 2018

Journal of Periodontology

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Background Recently, the occurrence of peri‐implantitis has been increasing. However, a suitable method to debride the contaminated surface of titanium implants has not been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphologic changes of the microstructured fixture surface after erbium laser irradiation, and to clarify the effects of the erbium lasers when used to remove calcified deposits from implant fixture surfaces. Methods In experiment 1, sandblasted, large grit, acid etched surface implants were treated with Er:YAG laser or Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 30 to 60 mJ/pulse and 20 Hz with water spray. In experiments 2 and 3, the effects of erbium lasers used to remove calcified deposits (artificially prepared deposits on virgin implants and natural calculus on failed implants) were investigated and compared with mechanical debridement using either a titanium curette or cotton pellets. After the various debridement methods, all specimens were analyzed by stereomicroscopy (SM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results Stereomicroscopy and SEM showed that erbium lasers with optimal irradiation parameters did not influence titanium microstructures. Compared with mechanical debridement, erbium lasers were more capable of removing calcified deposits on the microstructured surface without surface alteration using a noncontact sweeping irradiation at 40 mJ/pulse (ED 14.2 J/cm2/pulse) and 20 Hz with water spray. Conclusion These results indicate that Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers are more advantageous in removing calcified deposits on the microstructured surface of titanium implants without inducing damage, compared to mechanical therapy by cotton pellet or titanium curette.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effective removal of calcified deposits on microstructured titanium fixture surfaces of dental implants with erbium lasers

Toru

Aoki

Ichinose

et al. 2018

Journal of Periodontology

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“…Such procedures inevitably contaminate the surrounding tissues with large amounts of titanium particles and abrasion debris of polishing instruments. In vitro studies have demonstrated titanium brushes, laser and air powder abrasion might be alternatives to curettes, rotating burs, and ultrasonic devices (Al-Hashedi, Laurenti, Benhamou, & Tamimi, 2017;John, Becker, & Schwarz, 2014;Sahrmann et al, 2015). Histologic examinations of peri-implant tissues revealed the presence of a localized mixed chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate dominated by plasma cells and lymphocytes after such therapy.…”

Section: Mechanical Wearmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is the impact of titanium particles and biocorrosion on implant survival and complications? A critical review

Mombelli

Hashim

2018

Clinical Oral Implants Res

165

137

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Objectives To compile the current evidence regarding the association between the release of titanium particles and biologic complications of dental implants. Material and methods This is a critical review. We searched the literature using the terms “corrosion,” “allergy,” “hypersensitivity,” or “particles” together with “titanium,” “Ti,” “TiO2.” The bibliographies of identified publications and previously published review articles were scanned to find additional related articles. We included clinical studies, in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results Titanium particles and degradation products of titanium have been detected in oral and nonoral tissues. Particles are released from surfaces of dental implants because of material degradation in a process called tribocorrosion. It involves mechanical wear and environmental factors, notably contact to chemical agents and interaction with substances produced by adherent biofilm and inflammatory cells. In vitro, titanium particles can interfere with cell function and promote inflammation. A temporal association between exposure to titanium and occurrence of tissue reactions suggested hypersensitivity in a limited number of cases. However, there is poor specificity as the observed reactions could be initiated by other factors associated with the placement of implants. Titanium particles are commonly detected in healthy and diseased peri‐implant mucosa alike, at low levels even in gingiva of individuals without titanium implants. Rather than being the trigger of disease, higher concentrations of titanium in peri‐implantitis lesions could be the consequence of the presence of biofilms and inflammation. Conclusion There is an association between biocorrosion, presence of titanium particles, and biological implant complications, but there is insufficient evidence to prove a unidirectional causal relationship.

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“…Although various methods have been advocated, including air powder abrasion, saline wash, citric acid treatment, laser therapy, peroxide treatment, ultrasonic and manual debridement, and application of topical medication, a gold‐standard is yet to be identified to ensure re‐osseointegration . Al‐Hashedi et al compared the effect of four mechanical decontamination methods (metal and plastic curettes, titanium brushes, and yttrium aluminum and garnet [Er:YAG] laser) on the chemical properties of titanium surfaces. Although titanium brushes achieved greater elimination of bacteria and organic contaminants compared with curettes and Er:YAG laser, none of the methods were able to restore the original surface chemical properties .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chemical treatment as an adjunctive of air‐abrasive debridement on restoring the surface chemical properties and cytocompatibility of experimentally contaminated titanium surfaces

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different chemotherapeutic agents, following air‐abrasive debridement, on surface chemical properties and cytocompatibility. Disks contaminated with Streptococcus gordonii biofilm were treated with air‐abrasion and immersion in either 0.9% NaCl (Air + NaCl), 0.05% alkaline electrolyzed water (AEW) (Air + AEW), or 3% H2O2 (Air + H2O2). Noncontaminated and untreated titanium disks served as a control (As‐polished). The efficacy of biofilm removal, magnitude of initial cytocompatibility toward human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and surface chemical properties were determined. In all treatment groups, biofilms containing microorganisms were observed to be completely removed. The data showed discrepancies for cell affinities among treatment groups, whereby: (1) the number of cells attached to the Air + AEW treated surfaces was approximately two times greater than that to the Air + NaCl treated surfaces; and (2) cell spreading was significantly enhanced on the Air + AEW treated surfaces compared with the Air + NaCl or Air + H2O2 treated surfaces. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy data showed that the mean relative concentrations of nitrogen to titanium on the As‐polished, Air + NaCl, Air + AEW, and Air + H2O2 surfaces were 0.0079, 0.0237, 0.0071, and 0.0210, respectively, which would provide a clear understanding that these discrepancies could be attributed to sufficient removals of organic‐nitrogen deposits at the same magnitude as the As‐polished following the Air + AEW treatment. This study clarifies that chemical surface treatment with AEW, as an adjunctive to air‐abrasive debridement may be beneficial in restoring surface properties for tissue integration. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:183–191, 2020.

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Decontamination of titanium implants using physical methods

Cited by 60 publications

References 51 publications

Effective removal of calcified deposits on microstructured titanium fixture surfaces of dental implants with erbium lasers

Effective removal of calcified deposits on microstructured titanium fixture surfaces of dental implants with erbium lasers

What is the impact of titanium particles and biocorrosion on implant survival and complications? A critical review

Effects of chemical treatment as an adjunctive of air‐abrasive debridement on restoring the surface chemical properties and cytocompatibility of experimentally contaminated titanium surfaces

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