Decrease in antigen‐specific <scp>CD</scp>63 basophil expression is associated with the development of tolerance to egg by <scp>SOTI</scp> in children

Vila, Leticia; A, Moreno; Gamboa, P. M.; Martínez‐Aranguren, Rubén; Sánz, M L

doi:10.1111/pai.12070

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, its usefulness to delineate whether patients can consume baked egg or milk is less clear (85,86). In the context of OIT, reduced basophil activation corresponds to desensitization in OIT with peanut (80,88,89), egg (1,90), and milk (91). Despite the lack of sufficient data to define the exact temporal resolution, the loss of basophil activation may be considered one of the earliest readouts to be observed at an immunological level during OIT.…”

Section: Oral and Sublingual Immunotherapy In Food Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers of tolerance development to food allergens

Ponce

Diesner

Szépfalusi

et al. 2016

Allergy

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IgE-mediated reactions to food allergens are the most common cause of anaphylaxis in childhood. Although allergies to cow's milk, egg, or soy proteins, in contrast to peanut and tree nut allergens, resolve within the first 6 years of life in up to 60% due to natural tolerance development, this process is not well understood. At present, there is no cure or treatment for food allergy that would result in an induction of tolerance to the symptom-eliciting food. Avoidance, providing an emergency plan and education, is the standard of treatment. Oral immunotherapeutic approaches have been proven reasonable efficacy; however, they are associated with high rates of side-effects and low numbers of patients achieving tolerance. Nevertheless, mechanisms that take place during oral immunotherapy may help to understand tolerance development. On the basis of these therapeutic interventions, events like loss of basophil activation and induction of regulatory lymphocyte subsets and of blocking antibodies have been described. Their functional importance at a clinical level, however, remains to be investigated in detail. Consequently, there is eminent need to understand the process of tolerance development to food allergens and define biomarkers to develop and monitor new treatment strategies for food allergy.IgE-mediated food allergy represents the most important cause of anaphylaxis in childhood. While milk and egg allergy are associated with a high rate of natural tolerance development within the first 6 years of life, this is less clear for other food allergies. Consequently, once it is communicated the diagnosis persists often lifelong severely impacting the quality of life of the patient and the environment despite the recommendation to reconsider clinical tolerance development from time to time.Currently, avoidance, providing an emergency plan and teaching, is the standard of treatment; however, there is no cure or treatment that has reached the level of recommendation to re-induce tolerance to the symptom-eliciting food. Tolerance assessment occurs either via oral food challenges or due to unintended exposure. Given the cost and time intensiveness of oral food challenges and its potential harmfulness, there is eminent need to understand the process of tolerance development and define markers thereof to develop and monitor new treatment strategies for food allergy. This review aimed to provide an overview on recent advances regarding markers and mechanisms of tolerance development to food allergens.Oral tolerance in the context of food allergy is considered to occur if the antigen/food can be ingested without problems despite prolonged periods of avoidance, while the status of desensitization is strictly dependent on regular ingestion of the respective food in order to confer protection from allergic reactions. Currently, there is no general consensus on the exact time frame of avoidance and re-exposure that would allow the usage of the terminus tolerance that is considered equivalent to cure in the context of or...

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Section: Oral and Sublingual Immunotherapy In Food Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Markers of tolerance development to food allergens

Ponce

Diesner

Szépfalusi

et al. 2016

Allergy

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“…As basophils are important effector cells for allergic diseases, hypotheses to explain how tolerance is achieved by SOTI are currently focused on demonstrating changes in basophil activation. In the current study, by performing in vitro Ag‐specific stimulation basophil activation test, Vila and coworkers found significant reduction in basophil CD63 expression after stimulus with ovomucoid, ovalbumin, and egg‐white, after SOTI in ten children with persistent egg allergy. These findings support that basophil response modification is involved in the development of tolerance by SOTI.…”

Section: Decrease In Antigen‐specific Cd63 Basophil Expression Is Assmentioning

confidence: 47%

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2013

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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“…It is an active immunologic mechanism in which the gut-associated lymphoid tissue becomes tolerant to the different epitopes present in the food [19,20] and is due to the production of antigen-specific Treg cells. In allergic patients, this process is not regulated and the production of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and specific IgE, through the Th2 cytokine network, is observed [21,22].…”

Section: The Goal: Tolerance or Desensitization?mentioning

confidence: 98%

Immunotherapy for Food Allergies: A Myth or a Reality?

Praticò

Leonardi

2015

Immunotherapy

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Food allergy is a worldwide issue, with an estimated prevalence of 2-10%. An effective treatment is not available for people affected and the only management is the avoidance of the allergen. Oral immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy have been tested by several authors, in particular for milk, egg and peanuts allergy, with significant results in term of desensitization induction. The achievement of tolerance is by the contrary doubtful, with different results obtained. In this review, we reviewed protocols of oral and sublingual immunotherapy for food allergy published in literature, mainly against milk, egg and peanut. At present, immunotherapy does not represent the gold standard in the treatment of food allergy, even if it can desensitize patients.

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Decrease in antigen‐specific CD63 basophil expression is associated with the development of tolerance to egg by SOTI in children

Abstract: Decrease in Ag-specific basophil responsiveness is associated with the development of clinical tolerance by SOTI.

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Markers of tolerance development to food allergens

Markers of tolerance development to food allergens

The Editor recommends this issue's articles to the reader

Immunotherapy for Food Allergies: A Myth or a Reality?

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