Decrease in Measles Virus–Specific CD4 T Cell Memory in Vaccinated Subjects

Naniche, Denise; Garenne, Michel; Rae, Chris S.; Manchester, Marianne; Buchta, Richard M.; Brodine, Stephanie K.; Oldstone, Michael B. A.

doi:10.1086/424571

Cited by 60 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In this study, rubella antibody levels also lacked any correlation with measures of IL-10 (r ϭ 0.02, P ϭ 0.86) cytokine secretion. Similar disagreement in association between antibody levels to measles virus and IL-4 (r ϭ 0.04, P ϭ 0.45) secretion and measures of CD4 T-cell immunity was found in other studies (15,30). The complex interplay between genetic HLA polymorphisms, secreted cytokines, and measures of humoral and cellular immune responses to rubella vaccine currently precludes a validated model to explain these associations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Relationship between HLA Polymorphisms and Gamma Interferon and Interleukin-10 Cytokine Production in Healthy Individuals after Rubella Vaccination

Ovsyannikova

Jacobson

Ryan

et al. 2007

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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We studied the association between HLA alleles and rubella-specific gamma interferon (IFN-γ) (Th1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) (Th2) cytokine responses among 106 healthy children (ages, 14 to 17 years) previously immunized with two doses of rubella vaccine. Antibody titers and cytokine responses to rubella vaccination were not sex or age dependent. Several class I HLA-A (*0201, *2402, *6801) alleles were significantly associated with rubella vaccine-induced IFN-γ secretion. Several class II HLA-DRB1 (*0101) and HLA-DQB1 (*0501) alleles were also suggestive of an association with IFN-γ secretion. Alleles with potential associations with rubella-specific IL-10 production included HLA-A (*0201, *6801), HLA-B (*4901), and HLA-DRB1 (*1302). The class I A*0201 and A*6801 alleles were associated with both IFN-γ and IL-10 secretion. These tentative associations need to be validated in larger studies with subjects of differing ethnicities. These results provide additional evidence that HLA genes may influence Th1- and Th2-specific cytokine response(s) following rubella immunization, which in turn can influence both cellular and humoral immune responses to rubella vaccination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Relationship between HLA Polymorphisms and Gamma Interferon and Interleukin-10 Cytokine Production in Healthy Individuals after Rubella Vaccination

Ovsyannikova

Jacobson

Ryan

et al. 2007

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…This is also similar to the measles vaccine (Naniche et al 2004) though both are thought to confer lifelong protection; neither has been demonstrated to persist into old age.…”

Section: Consequences Of Senescence On B Cell Functionmentioning

confidence: 55%

The ageing B cell population: Composition and function

2009

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Age-related changes in the structure and function of the immune system, collectively termed immunosenescence, result in poor responses to infections, increased susceptibility to cancers and increased incidence of autoimmune diseases. The humoral immune response, maintained by the B cell compartment, has a key role in an effective immune system-not only in producing high affinity antibodies that are crucial for vaccination strategies, but in assisting other components of the immune system in their function. Hence an understanding of B cell immunosenescence in particular is vital in designing strategies to combat the effects of age on immune function. Numerous studies have been undertaken using small animal models in order to understand immunosenescence, and these have contributed greatly to our understanding of the events that underpin impaired immune responses. However, there are key differences between the human and the mouse and a clear understanding of these differences is required when extrapolating from one species to the other. In this article we present an overview of B cell development and summarise current data on age-related B cell changes, at both the population level and at the individual mechanistic level. Areas of similarity and difference between human and mouse models are highlighted.

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“…Although passive administration of antibodies protects an individual against natural infection even in the absence of a cellular response (2), the importance of cellular immunity in clearing infection has been well established for immunodeficient children (38). The relevance of serum antibodies to susceptibility or immunity remains an unsettled issue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibodies have traditionally been used as markers of vaccine-induced immunity because they are easier to measure and quantify than cell-mediated immunity (38). Monitoring of humoral immunity is based upon detection of specific IgG antibodies, assessed mainly by immunoassays using the whole virus or recombinant proteins (10,12,20,26,49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles Virus-Specific Antibody Levels in Individuals in Argentina Who Received a One-Dose Vaccine

et al. 2006

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In spite of active measles virus (MV) vaccination strategies, reemergence continues to occur, impairing global eradication programs. The immune status against measles was evaluated in 350 vaccinated healthy Argentine children and teenagers who received a single dose of the MV Schwarz strain Lirugen vaccine (Aventis Pasteur). Sera were assessed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies by a commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Enzygnost; Behring), an in-house EIA, and neutralization EIA. Results obtained with these methods showed a marked decline in IgG level with increasing age. At 1 to 4 years of age, 84% of children had IgG antibodies above 200 mIU/ml, conventionally accepted as protective levels, whereas only 32% of older children and teenagers had antibody levels exceeding 200 mIU/ml. Moreover, the MV IgG content in the teenage group was significantly lower than the IgG antibody level of the group of younger children (P < 0.0001). In contrast, screening for IgG antibody levels to inactivated tetanus vaccine showed that, on average, 80% of this population was fully protected and that this high level of protection remained through the teenage years. This study suggests that within this population a considerable proportion of individuals had low measles antibody levels that may be insufficient to protect against reinfections or clinical disease.In the early 1960s, the advent of a live attenuated measles virus (MV) vaccine dramatically reduced the incidence of measles in many parts of the world, including developed (12,16,20,29,30,35,49,52) and developing (28, 58) countries. In some developing countries, fatality rates for measles can still be as high as 15%, causing about 770,000 annual deaths among infants and children, and this is probably due to lack of vaccination of many individuals in the population.Elimination of MV requires the continued commitment to increase vaccination coverage levels, the genetic analysis of circulating strains, and serosurveys of vaccinated individuals to establish the population at risk of contracting the infection. In this context, it is very important that reliable and sensitive laboratory methods are used to accurately determine the antibody level and protection achieved after vaccination and the level of antibodies that persists in those who were previously vaccinated.Despite active vaccination strategies, reemergence or resurgence of MV continues to occur, impairing elimination programs. The occurrence of several measles outbreaks in highly immunized populations (5, 34, 40, 51) has focused attention on vaccine efficacy and the durability of vaccine-induced immunity. It is likely that many factors contribute to the presence of susceptible individuals among highly vaccinated populations. These include failure to seroconvert and decline of immunity with time after vaccination (19, 37). Other important factors that might influence the immune response comprise the age at the time of vaccination (27, 33), the number of doses, and the strain included in the vaccine (18,23,28).High vacci...

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Decrease in Measles Virus–Specific CD4 T Cell Memory in Vaccinated Subjects

Cited by 60 publications

References 46 publications

Relationship between HLA Polymorphisms and Gamma Interferon and Interleukin-10 Cytokine Production in Healthy Individuals after Rubella Vaccination

Relationship between HLA Polymorphisms and Gamma Interferon and Interleukin-10 Cytokine Production in Healthy Individuals after Rubella Vaccination

The ageing B cell population: Composition and function

Measles Virus-Specific Antibody Levels in Individuals in Argentina Who Received a One-Dose Vaccine

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