Decrease in Serial Prevalence of Coinfection with Hepatitis C Virus among HIV‐Infected Patients in Spain, 1997–2006

Cachafeiro, Santiago Pérez; Amo, Julia del; Iribarren, José Antonio; Lletí, Miguel Salavert; Gutiérrez, Félix; Moreno, Ana; Labarga, Pablo; Pineda, Juan A.; Vidal, Francesc; Berenguer, Juan; Moreno, Santiago; CoRIS-MD,

doi:10.1086/598333

Cited by 52 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Although injection drug use remains the main risk factor for HCV seropositivity as reported by other studies ( 15 ), differences by geographic origin are maintained in multivariate analyses. For active HBV infection, geographic origin is the major risk factor shown by HIV-positive patients who seek clinical care for HIV in Spain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Association of Patients’ Geographic Origins with Viral Hepatitis Co-infection Patterns, Spain

Cachafeiro¹,

Caro-Murillo²,

Berenguer³

et al. 2011

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Association of Patients’ Geographic Origins with Viral Hepatitis Co-infection Patterns, Spain

Cachafeiro¹,

Caro-Murillo²,

Berenguer³

et al. 2011

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…In addition, samples from INI-naïve patients were also sent to be used as controls. Most participating centers belonged to RIS (Red de Investigación en SIDA), the government-funded Spanish AIDS research network, which involves around 25 HIV clinics across the country and whose main characteristics were described elsewhere previously (17). All specimens that were examined in the current study were part of the repository collected for the SINRES study, a previous survey that characterized RAL failures virologically in a total of 106 patients (6).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad Phenotypic Cross-Resistance to Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Patients Failing on Raltegravir-Containing Regimens

Garrido¹,

Villacian²,

Zahonero³

et al. 2012

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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.5.01; Virco). A control group of patients failing on other regimens was similarly tested. Sixty-one samples were analyzed, 40 of which belonged to patients failing on RAL-containing regimens. Full RAL susceptibility was found in 20/21 controls, while susceptibility to EVG was diminished in 8 subjects, with a median fold change (FC) of 2. T he introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has transformed the prognosis of HIV-positive patients, with dramatic improvements in survival. However, selection for drug resistance still represents a major challenge and promotes switches in therapeutic regimens for a substantial proportion of patients (3). Virologic failure with some antiretroviral drugs is associated with cross-resistance to agents within the same family, limiting rescue therapeutic options (16). Nevirapine and efavirenz are good examples of crossresistance between members of the same drug family, almost completely sharing resistance patterns. To a lesser extent, this also occurs with failures of some protease inhibitors (12) and nucleoside analogues.Integrase inhibitors (INIs) are a new and promising drug family for the treatment of HIV infection. Raltegravir (RAL) is the first-in-class approved drug for clinical use in both treatmentnaïve (11) and treatment-experienced (19) individuals. Elvitegravir (EVG) will most likely be the second INI compound to be marketed (4). Resistance to INIs has been shown to be driven by changes located mainly in the central domain of the viral integrase. The results of clinical trials and clinical experience have highlighted that failure on RAL-containing regimens is generally driven by the selection of the mutations Y143RHC, Q148HRK, and/or N155H, often accompanied by secondary changes (G140SA, E138K, and L74M, etc.) (2). However, a relatively high proportion of patients does not show such changes upon virologic failure on RAL-containing regimens. Although unidentified resistance mutations might exist, a recent report highlighted that the absence of INI resistance mutations in these individuals is explained mainly by poor drug compliance, given that RAL plasma levels were undetectable in most of them (6).Information about resistance to EVG in vivo is scarce. In the phase II GS-US-183-105 study (13), 28 individuals failed EVG after 24 weeks of treatment. Overall, 39% of them selected the E92Q mutation, 32% selected the Q148HRK mutation, and 25% selected the N155H mutation. Accordingly, broad cross-resistance between RAL and EVG should be expected. The aim of our study was to characterize RAL phenotypic susceptibilities in samples from a group of patients experiencing RAL failure, exploring whether mutations not previously involved in RAL resistance might be recognized and the extent of phenotypic cross-resistance to EVG. MATERIALS AND METHODSStudy population. HIV-1-infected individuals treated at several clinics in Spain who experienced virological failure on a RAL-containing antiretroviral regimen were identified during 2009. Virological failure was defined...

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“…The relative frequencies of specific opportunistic diseases may vary in different countries and even in different areas within the same country [[13-15], and [16]]. Early diagnosis of opportunistic infections and prompt treatment definitely contribute to increased life expectancy among infected patients delaying the progression to AIDS [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of multiple Herpesvirus infection in HIV seropositive patients, a big concern for Eastern Indian scenario

Chakraborty

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2010

Virol J

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BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with an increased risk for human herpes viruses (HHVs) and their related diseases and they frequently cause disease deterioration and therapeutic failures. Methods for limiting the transmission of HHVs require a better understanding of the incidence and infectivity of oral HHVs in HIV-infected patients. This study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of human herpes viruses (CMV, HSV 2, EBV-1, VZV) antibodies and to evaluate their association with age, sex as well as other demographic and behavioral factors.ResultsA study of 200 HIV positive patients from Eastern India attending the Calcutta Medical College Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, Apex Clinic, Calcutta Medical College Hospital and ART Center, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal was done. Serum samples were screened for antibodies to the respective viruses using the indirect ELISA in triplicates.CytoMegalo virus (CMV), Herpes Simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), Varicella Zoster virus (VZV), and Epstein Barr virus (EBV-1) were detected in 49%, 47%, 32.5%, and 26% respectively.ConclusionThis study has contributed baseline data and provided insights in viral OI and HIV co-infection in Eastern India. This would undoubtedly serve as a basis for further studies on this topic.

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Decrease in Serial Prevalence of Coinfection with Hepatitis C Virus among HIV‐Infected Patients in Spain, 1997–2006

Cited by 52 publications

References 4 publications

Association of Patients’ Geographic Origins with Viral Hepatitis Co-infection Patterns, Spain

Association of Patients’ Geographic Origins with Viral Hepatitis Co-infection Patterns, Spain

Broad Phenotypic Cross-Resistance to Elvitegravir in HIV-Infected Patients Failing on Raltegravir-Containing Regimens

Incidence of multiple Herpesvirus infection in HIV seropositive patients, a big concern for Eastern Indian scenario

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