Decreased CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28– T cell ratio can sensitively predict poor outcome for patients with complicated Crohn disease

Abstract

Crohn disease (CD) with complications such as penetrating, stricturing, and perianal disease is called complicated CD. The aim of this study is to test the efficiency with which the CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28– cell balance can predict a subsequent active stage in patients with newly diagnosed complicated CD.Seventeen patients with complicated CD and 48 CD patients with no complications were enrolled. Blood CD8+ T cells were tested from all of the 65 newly diagnosed CD patients upon enrollment. The potential risk factors were compared between the 2 groups. A 30-week follow-up was performed, and the efficiency of the CD8+ cell balance at predicting active CD was analyzed using receiver-operating characteristic curves. The cumulative remission lasting rates (CRLRs) were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method.Compared with the control CD group, patients with complicated CD were predominantly male and younger in age; they also had lower body mass indices (BMIs), higher Crohn disease activity indices (CDAIs), higher immunosuppressant and steroid prescription rates, and significantly higher surgical rates. The CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28– balance was associated with BMI, CDAI, steroids, and surgery. The CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28– ratios were significantly lower at week 0 and on the 6th, 22nd, and 30th week during follow-up with a shorter lasting time of remission for the complicated CD patients. The CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28– ratio could accurately predict the active stage for the patients with complicated CD, and the highest sensitivity (89.2%) and specificity (85.3%) were found when the ratio was 1.03. Treatment with steroids and surgery, along with a significantly lower CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28– ratio and lower CRLRs, was closely related to a worse outcome for the patients with complicated CD.Patients requiring steroids and surgery experience more severe disease activity and thus a disequilibrated immunological balance, which could be the main reason for a decreased CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28– ratio. This ratio can sensitively predict the active stage for patients with complicated CD, and more care should be taken when this ratio is <1.03.

Connecting cognition, cardiology, and chromosomes: Cognitive reappraisal impacts the relationship between heart rate variability and telomere length in CD8+CD28– cells

“…Telomere shortening in immune cells have implications for immunocompetence, inflammation, and antibody responses to vaccines (Cohen et al, 2013). CD8 T cells are effector memory cells, which specifically kill damaged or virus-infected cells and are involved in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance to (auto)antigens (Cohen et al, 2013;Dai et al, 2017). CD28+ is a co-stimulatory molecule on CD4 + or CD8 + cells, which stimulates T cell activation and survival (Teijeira et al, 2019).…”

Imbalance between CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28– T-cell subsets and its clinical significance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

“…13 Later, they proved the imbalance of CD8 + CD28 + /CD8 + CD28 – occurred in inflammatory autoimmune bowel diseases including UC and CD in clinical samples and animal models. 13–15,21 In chronic hepatitis B patients, high proportions of the CD8 + CD28 – cell subset and decreased CD8 + CD28 + /CD8 + CD28 – ratio were observed, whereas a significant decrease in the CD8 + CD28 – cell subset and an increase in the CD8 + CD28 + cell subset and in CD8 + CD28 + /CD8 + CD28 – ratio were seen in the patients who received efficient antiviral therapy. 22 In the present study, we found that the CD8 + CD28 – T-cell subset increased in iSLE patients and in the followed-up patients after effective hormonal therapy, which was not correlated with SLEDAI.…”

“…11,12 It has been reported that the balance between CD8 + CD28 + and CD8 + CD28 − T cells is important in the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD). 13–15 What about the balance of CD8 + T-cell subsets in SLE? What about the role of CD8 + CD28 – Treg cells in SLE?…”

Subpopulation Structure of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Donors

“…Клетки с фенотипом CD8 + CD28 + являются наивными, наличие этого белка позволяет CD8 + -лимфоцитам взаимодействовать с антигенпрезентирующими клетками и приобретать свою антигенспецифичную активацию. Все CD8 + CD28 --лимфоциты принято считать регуляторными, и для упрощения даже введен индекс CD8 + CD28 + /CD8 + CD28для оценки степени иммуносупрессии [15,16]. На наш взгляд, это некорректно, так как в этой формуле не учитываются цитотоксические Т-лимфоциты, а все клетки, не являющиеся наивными, т. е. прошедшие антигенспецифическую активацию, приравниваются к регуляторным.…”