Decreased corneal subbasal nerve fiber length and density in diabetic dogs with cataracts using in vivo confocal microscopy

Chan, Kore; Badanes, Zachary; Ledbetter, Eric C.

doi:10.1111/vop.13076

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

(89 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Detrimental effects of diabetes on corneal sensitivity, nerve fiber length, and density in both humans [ 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ] and animals [ 25 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 ] have been reported in numerous studies and reviewed elsewhere [ 79 , 80 , 81 ]. Recently, a 3D tissue model of the human cornea was employed to demonstrate the degenerative effects of hyperglycemia on corneal nerves [ 82 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Insulin and Effect Of Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) System in the Corneal Epithelium Homeostasis—From Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells to Therapeutic Applications

Woronkowicz,

Roberts,

Skopiński

2024

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The corneal epithelium, comprising three layers of cells, represents the outermost portion of the eye and functions as a vital protective barrier while concurrently serving as a critical refractive structure. Maintaining its homeostasis involves a complex regenerative process facilitated by the functions of the lacrimal gland, tear film, and corneal nerves. Crucially, limbal epithelial stem cells located in the limbus (transitional zone between the cornea and the conjunctiva) are instrumental for the corneal epithelium integrity by replenishing and renewing cells. Re-epithelialization failure results in persistent defects, often associated with various ocular conditions including diabetic keratopathy. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is a sophisticated network of insulin and other proteins essential for numerous physiological processes. This review examines its role in maintaining the corneal epithelium homeostasis, with a special focus on the interplay with corneal limbal stem cells and the potential therapeutic applications of the system components.

show abstract

Section: The Role Of Insulin and Effect Of Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) System in the Corneal Epithelium Homeostasis—From Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells to Therapeutic Applications

Woronkowicz,

Roberts,

Skopiński

2024

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

In vivo confocal microscopic features of canine primary corneal squamous cell carcinoma

Rogers,

Knickelbein,

Scott

et al. 2024

Veterinary Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo describe the in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) findings in dogs with primary corneal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).AnimalsEight dogs with primary corneal SCC.ProceduresDogs diagnosed with primary corneal SCC by histopathology were examined with a modified Heidelberg Retina tomograph and Rostock Cornea Module prior to surgical intervention. The findings from the IVCM examination were correlated with clinical details from ophthalmic examinations and diagnostic test results.ResultsEight eyes from eight dogs with unilateral primary corneal SCC were examined. Corneal lesions were characterized with IVCM by abnormal epithelial cells that were polygonal and enlarged with marked morphological variability and anisocytosis within individual corneas. The abnormal cells displayed variable reflectivity, but most had highly reflective cellular borders and moderately reflective cytoplasm. Cells that were markedly and diffusely hyperreflective were also occasionally observed possibly representing keratinization and dyskeratosis. On IVCM, neoplastic cells were grouped into cords, clusters, and sheets, and nests of neoplastic cells often invaded the underlying corneal stroma. Keratin pearls were a frequent finding and appeared as circular whirls of neoplastic epithelial cells arranged around concentric layers of hyperreflective amorphous material within a dark cyst‐like space. Abundant blood vessels and scattered leukocytes were present in all tumors. There was a high degree of morphologic agreement between IVCM analysis and histopathological findings in all cases.ConclusionsThe distinguishing features of primary corneal SCC during IVCM examine were similar to those seen in histopathologic examination of tumor sections, including enlarged and pleomorphic squamous epithelial cells, anisocytosis, keratin pearl formation, and dense vascularization.

show abstract

Ophthalmic Parameters of Healthy Captive Blue-Tongued Skinks (Tiliqua scincoides)

Gafen,

Liu,

Ineck

et al. 2024

Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Normal ophthalmic parameters of the blue-tongued skink (Tiliqua scincoides), one of the largest members of the skink family of lizards, have yet to be evaluated. The objective of this study was to establish baseline ophthalmic parameters for a captive population of 12 healthy, one year old, blue-tongued skinks. Ophthalmic examination, corneal touch threshold, tear production including phenol red thread test (PRTT) and modified Schirmer tear test-2 (mSTT-2), horizontal palpebral fissure length (HPFL), rebound tonometry (TONOVET and TONOVET Plus), and bacterial and fungal culture were performed. The blue-tongued skinks were all amenable to ocular diagnostic testing. Corneal touch threshold (mean ± SD) was 5.48 ± 0.81 cm. PRTT (mean ± SD) was 9.17 ± 6.62 mm/15 seconds. mSTT-2 (mean ± SD) was 2.54 ± 2.72 mm/60 seconds. HPFL (mean ± SD) was 6.96 ± 0.62 mm and was positively correlated with body weight. Intraocular pressure (IOP) assessed using TONOVET (mean ± SD) was 8.43± 1.51 mmHg, while IOP assessed using TONOVET Plus (mean ± SD) was 12.39± 1.54 mmHg. Differences in TONOVET and TONOVET Plus tonometry values were statistically significant (P<0.0001) and TONOVET values positively correlated with body weight. The most common bacterial species identified were Staphylococcus xylosus (10/12) and Staphylococcus sciuri (8/12). Fungal cultures were all negative. One animal had superficial corneal ulceration which resolved with treatment. Ophthalmic examination and testing is readily performed in blue-tongued skinks. These parameters may be useful for ocular assessment of this species in a clinical setting.

show abstract

Decreased corneal subbasal nerve fiber length and density in diabetic dogs with cataracts using in vivo confocal microscopy

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

The Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) System in the Corneal Epithelium Homeostasis—From Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells to Therapeutic Applications

The Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) System in the Corneal Epithelium Homeostasis—From Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells to Therapeutic Applications

In vivo confocal microscopic features of canine primary corneal squamous cell carcinoma

Ophthalmic Parameters of Healthy Captive Blue-Tongued Skinks (Tiliqua scincoides)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About