Decreased enteric fatty acid amide hydrolase activity is associated with colonic inertia in slow transit constipation

Zhang, Shucheng; Wang, Weilin; Su, Peng; Jiang, Kailei; Yuan, Zhengwei

doi:10.1111/jgh.12346

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similar results, namely the detection of eight CNR1 alleles with AAT triplet repeats, were reported in a Chinese IBS cohort, whereas no association could be detected between C385A FAAH polymorphism and IBS pathogenesis . Interestingly, FAAH activity was recently determined in whole colon samples from patients who underwent colectomy for slow transit constipation .…”

Section: Cannabinoids and Functional Bowel Disorderssupporting

confidence: 73%

The gastrointestinal tract – a central organ of cannabinoid signaling in health and disease

Hasenoehrl

Taschler

Storr

et al. 2016

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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Section: Cannabinoids and Functional Bowel Disorderssupporting

confidence: 73%

The gastrointestinal tract – a central organ of cannabinoid signaling in health and disease

Hasenoehrl

Taschler

Storr

et al. 2016

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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“…These results rule against a possible anti-prokinetic effect of endogenous PEA following the experimental post-inflammatory functional increase in intestinal motility. Recently, increased PEA levels in the plasma (Fichna et al, 2013) and in the colon (Zhang et al, 2014) of IBS patients have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Additional and pharmacologically relevant targets of PEA action include PPARα (Lo Verme et al, 2005;O'Sullivan and Kendall, 2010) and transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channels (De Petrocellis et al, 2001;Ambrosino et al, 2013; channel nomenclature follows Alexander et al, 2013b), which have been identified in peripheral nerves controlling intestinal motility (Boesmans et al, 2011;Holzer, 2011). PEA has been identified in the rodent Fu et al, 2007;Izzo et al, 2010;2012;Diep et al, 2011;Balvers et al, 2013) and human (Darmani et al, 2005;D'Argenio et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2014) digestive tract. When given exogenously, PEA reduces gastrointestinal transit and displays anti-inflammatory effects in the gut (Di Paola et al, 2012;Petrosino et al, 2013;Esposito et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitoylethanolamide normalizes intestinal motility in a model of post‐inflammatory accelerated transit: involvement of CB₁ receptors and TRPV1 channels

Capasso

Orlando

Pagano

et al. 2014

British J Pharmacology

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEPalmitoylethanolamide (PEA), a naturally occurring acylethanolamide chemically related to the endocannabinoid anandamide, interacts with targets that have been identified in peripheral nerves controlling gastrointestinal motility, such as cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors, TRPV1 channels and PPARα. Here, we investigated the effect of PEA in a mouse model of functional accelerated transit which persists after the resolution of colonic inflammation (post-inflammatory irritable bowel syndrome). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHIntestinal inflammation was induced by intracolonic administration of oil of mustard (OM). Mice were tested for motility and biochemical and molecular biology changes 4 weeks later. PEA, oleoylethanolamide and endocannabinoid levels were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and receptor and enzyme mRNA expression by qRT-PCR. KEY RESULTSOM induced transient colitis and a functional post-inflammatory increase in upper gastrointestinal transit, associated with increased intestinal anandamide (but not 2-arachidonoylglycerol, PEA or oleoylethanolamide) levels and down-regulation of mRNA for TRPV1 channels. Exogenous PEA inhibited the OM-induced increase in transit and tended to increase anandamide levels. Palmitic acid had a weaker effect on transit. Inhibition of transit by PEA was blocked by rimonabant (CB1 receptor antagonist), further increased by 5′-iodoresiniferatoxin (TRPV1 antagonist) and not significantly modified by the PPARα antagonist GW6471. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSIntestinal endocannabinoids and TRPV1 channel were dysregulated in a functional model of accelerated transit exhibiting aspects of post-inflammatory irritable bowel syndrome. PEA counteracted the accelerated transit, the effect being mediated by CB1 receptors (possibly via increased anandamide levels) and modulated by TRPV1 channels.

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“…Colonic transit time measurement, defecography and anal manometry can all be used to determine the etiology of chronic constipation (3). Although it is assumed that the measurement of the colonic transit time distinguishes between slow passage constipation and outlet obstruction, the test may not be helpful in differentiation of these causes depending on the patient's diet (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of defecography in the assessment of the etiology of chronic constipation: An analysis of 630 patients

Bozkurt

Kocataş

Sürek

et al. 2014

UCD

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Objective: Chronic constipation is an entity with a high prevalence in the community. In our study, we analyzed the importance of defecography in the assessment of the etiology of chronic constipation. Material and Methods:Patients who were admitted to our hospital outpatient general surgery clinic with complaints of constipation between July 2010 and January 2014, and who had their demographic data and defecography results recorded were included in the study. The demographic data of patients who underwent defecography and their results were recorded along with patient gender and age. Results:The defecography was abnormal in 573 patients (90.9%) while it was normal in 57 patients (9.1%). Conclusion:Defecography is the current standard method of examination in etiological investigations for constipation, and it should be performed in each patient with a diagnosis of chronic constipation.Key Words: Chronic constipation, defecography, rectocele INTRODUCTIONChronic constipation is a frequent condition (1, 2). Colonic transit time measurement, defecography and anal manometry can all be used to determine the etiology of chronic constipation (3). Although it is assumed that the measurement of the colonic transit time distinguishes between slow passage constipation and outlet obstruction, the test may not be helpful in differentiation of these causes depending on the patient's diet (4).Defecography may enable the identification of pathologies that cause outlet obstruction (5). There are studies supporting the usefulness of defecography in demonstrating the etiology in patients with normal colonic transit time and those with outlet obstruction (6).In our study, we investigated the requirement for defecography, independent of other etiological examination tests, for patients diagnosed with chronic constipation according to the Rome III criteria. MATERIAL AND METHODSPatients who presented to the general surgery outpatient clinic of our hospital between July 2010 and January 2014 were included in the study. The diagnosis of constipation was made according to the Rome III criteria. The patients with a Rome III assessment score of 2 and above underwent defecography in order to investigate the etiology of constipation.As part of the etiological examination for chronic constipation, the patients initially received a test demonstrating the colonic transit time. Patients who were diagnosed with obstructive defecation or with a normal colonic transit time underwent defecography in the second stage.Defecography was conducted in the endoscopy unit of our hospital by general surgeons. For the procedure, the contrast material was mixed with starch flour to provide a consistency similar to stool, and was administered via 50 cc cone tip injectors. Then, a series of images were captured while the patients were being asked to repeat the straining-retaining processes for three times.Defecography results were recorded as well as gender and age. RESULTSBetween July, 2010 and January, 2014, 715 patients presented to the general surgery outpat...

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Decreased enteric fatty acid amide hydrolase activity is associated with colonic inertia in slow transit constipation

Abstract: The tone of the enteric cannabinoids system is disturbed in STC, and the decreased enteric FAAH activity contributes to colonic inertia in STC.

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

The gastrointestinal tract – a central organ of cannabinoid signaling in health and disease

The gastrointestinal tract – a central organ of cannabinoid signaling in health and disease

Palmitoylethanolamide normalizes intestinal motility in a model of post‐inflammatory accelerated transit: involvement of CB₁ receptors and TRPV1 channels

The importance of defecography in the assessment of the etiology of chronic constipation: An analysis of 630 patients

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Decreased enteric fatty acid amide hydrolase activity is associated with colonic inertia in slow transit constipation

Abstract: The tone of the enteric cannabinoids system is disturbed in STC, and the decreased enteric FAAH activity contributes to colonic inertia in STC.

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

The gastrointestinal tract – a central organ of cannabinoid signaling in health and disease

The gastrointestinal tract – a central organ of cannabinoid signaling in health and disease

Palmitoylethanolamide normalizes intestinal motility in a model of post‐inflammatory accelerated transit: involvement of CB1 receptors and TRPV1 channels

The importance of defecography in the assessment of the etiology of chronic constipation: An analysis of 630 patients

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Palmitoylethanolamide normalizes intestinal motility in a model of post‐inflammatory accelerated transit: involvement of CB₁ receptors and TRPV1 channels