Decreased Feed Consumption and Increased Calcium Intake Associated with Pullet’s First Egg ,

Meyer, G. B.; Babcock, S. W.; Sunde, M. L.

doi:10.3382/ps.0491164

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…When levels of coarse calcium sources are fed the hen has the option of consuming what she needs. Data (Meyer et al, 1970(Meyer et al, , 1971and Gleaves and Ivy, 1974) support the conclusion that she can do this effectively. It also indicates that when fine calcium is fed, the bird will consume the amount fed.…”

Section: Screening Of Coarse Calcium Sourcessupporting

confidence: 69%

The Effect of Various Particle Sizes of Oyster Shell and Limestone on Performance of Laying Leghorn Pullets

Miller

Sunde

1975

Poultry Science

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Commercial strain cross Leghorn pullets were fed a basal diet and either ground limestone (GL), ground oyster shell (GOS), screened pullet size oyster shell (POS), screened hen size oyster shell (HOS) or screened coarse limestone (CL). All 1272 birds were fed 2.5% calcium from 20 to 60 weeks of age then some were placed on a 3.5% calcium diet to 68 weeks.Egg shell rigidity was greatest from birds supplied non-flour calcium sources as compared to the flour calcium sources. Shell deformation means over the three years in 0.001 mm. were 16.6, 16.2, 15.9, 15.5, 14.9 for the cage and 16.7, 16.7, 16.3, 15.7, 15.1 for the floor treatments respectively. The various particle sizes did not consistently influence egg weight, egg production (average 74%), feed consumption, bone mineralization or egg breakage at point of lay.Increasing the calcium level near the end of the experimental period which terminated in August of three successive years did not statistically (P > 0.05) increase shell rigidity over the lower calcium levels.Following the processing of sound eggs through a washer-grader, the observed breakage was greater than the random breakage for deformation values above 18 (.001 mm.) indicating that rigid egg shells resist breakage. It was also shown that: the mean deformation is an indicator of potential shell breakage; shell quality can be affected in both the early and late stages of production; a bag of coarse calcium source contains widely varying quantities of each particle size; and the hens will not consume all the coarse calcium source presented in a diet with 3.5% calcium.

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Section: Screening Of Coarse Calcium Sourcessupporting

confidence: 69%

The Effect of Various Particle Sizes of Oyster Shell and Limestone on Performance of Laying Leghorn Pullets

Miller

Sunde

1975

Poultry Science

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“…It would appear, therefore, that the pullet can obtain calcium for medullary bone development by increased intake and retention. Meyer et al (1970) reported that pullets increased calcium consumption several days prior to laying. It is possible that the earlier increase demonstrated in our study was not noted in their trials because they started recording daily feed and grit consumption when pullets were 20 or 21 weeks of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Documentation has come from broilers (Wood-Gush and Kare, 1966;Joshua and Mueller, 1979), pullets (Meyer et al, 1970), and laying hens (Hughes and Wood-Gush, 1971). Meyer et al (1970) demonstrated that calcium intake increased slowly prior to the first oviposition, presumably in response to the higher requirement for calcium during medullary bone development. However, they did not examine daily calcium intake for a long enough time prior to sexual maturity and, therefore, it is impossible to judge whether an increase in calcium consumption occurred at the initiation of medullary bone development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Selection of Calcium During the Rearing and Early Laying Periods of White Leghorn Pullets

Classen

Scott

1982

Poultry Science

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The ability of pullets to selectively consume calcium to meet the requirements of the rearing and early laying period was studied in White Leghorns. In the first of two experiments, 456 pullets were fed either an .89% calcium rearing diet (control) or a .35% calcium diet in combination with a separate source of 38% calcium chick-sized grit (calcium self-selection) from 35 to 126 days of age. Twenty-four pullets from each of these rearing treatments were selected for the second experiment at 112 days of age and were housed in individual laying cages. Rearing treatments were continued until 176 days of age with mash and grit consumption recorded daily for each pullet. From 177 to 225 days of age these pullets were fed a 3.50% calcium diet containing either ground limestone or oyster shell as a calcium source or a .35% calcium diet fed in combination with a separate source of oyster shell. Pullet calcium intake reflected the requirements for growth during the rearing period, calcium storage in the medullary bone 19 days prior to lay, and egg shell formation during the laying period; average calcium intake for these periods was 1.18, 2.08, and greater than 3.50%, respectively. Pullets also demonstrated the ability to compensate for rearing deficiencies by increased calcium consumption when fed oyster shell on an ad lib basis. Calcium consumption was found to be significantly higher on days when an oviposition occurred than when no eggs were laid. Mash consumption during the early laying period also reflected the reproductive status of the hen with the highest consumption on days when both oviposition and ovulation occurred, intermediate consumption when either oviposition or ovulation occurred, and lowest consumption when neither oviposition nor ovulation was detected.

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“…More recent studies (Taylor, 1970;Mongin, 1970;and Meyer et al, 1970) indicated that calcium may influence feed intake. It has also been suggested that there may be certain periods of the day when birds are more deficient in calcium than other periods, and that if calcium is made available at these deficient periods egg shell quality might be mproved (Scott and Mullenhoff, 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Calcium Metabolism in the Laying Hen

1972

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A total of seventy mature hens were used in three trials to study the relationship of serum calcium (Ca), fecal Ca and Ca intake when related to oviposition or to time of day. In all trials blood was taken at 8 a.m., 12 noon, and 4 p.m. each day and eggs were collected at two hour intervals. In trial 1, birds were fed a practical corn-soybean type diet containing 3 percent Ca ad libitum. In trial 2, birds had access (from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. for three days) to either a 3 percent Ca diet {ad libitum) or were given a 4 percent Ca diet restricted to 75 percent that of the intake of the control birds. The restricted birds were fed at two hour intervals. Feces were collected at 8 a.m., 12 noon, 4 p.m., and 8 p.m. for three days, and at 8 a.m. and 12 noon on the fourth day. The birds were returned to a 3 percent Ca diet for three days, after which the treatments for the groups were reversed and the entire procedure repeated. In trial 3, feeding regimes for the three day period were as follows: 1) not restricted, 2) withholding feed for 16 hours on day two, and 3) withholding feed for 16 hours each day.When related to time of day, the serum Ca peaks (high or low) of the control group were the reverse of the Ca intake and fecal Ca peaks; however, when Ca intake was held constant in the restricted birds the serum Ca pattern remained unchanged, but the pattern of fecal Ca was much more pronounced. The total intake of Ca in both groups was the same. When plotted in relation to oviposition serum Ca again was highest when fecal Ca was lowest. The pattern of serum Ca was altered by dietary restriction; however, the birds adjusted to this restriction after approximately two days. ABSTRACTExperiments using 7 day old chicks of both sexes from broiler crosses were carried out to study the effect of tryptophan supplementation to opaque-2 or normal corn 9.5% protein diets for chicks and tryptophan supplementation to opaque-2 corn sesame meal or normal corn-sesame meal 12% protein diets. A second group of studies was to determine the effects of methionine supplementation to the above diets. Each experiment lasted two weeks. The results indicated that chicks fed opaque-2 corn or opaque-2 corn-sesame meal diets do not respond to tryptophan supplementation. No growth response was observed with the normal corn-sesame meal diet. However the 9.5% normal corn diet gave significantly growth responses with the addition of this amino acid. Methionine supplementation to 9.5 or 12% protein diets from either corn did not improve performance.

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Decreased Feed Consumption and Increased Calcium Intake Associated with Pullet’s First Egg ,

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

The Effect of Various Particle Sizes of Oyster Shell and Limestone on Performance of Laying Leghorn Pullets

The Effect of Various Particle Sizes of Oyster Shell and Limestone on Performance of Laying Leghorn Pullets

Self-Selection of Calcium During the Rearing and Early Laying Periods of White Leghorn Pullets

Calcium Metabolism in the Laying Hen

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