Decreased Fertility Among HIV-1–Infected Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Three African Cities

Glynn, Judith R.; Buvé, Anne; Caraël, Michel; Kahindo, Maina; Macauley, Isaac B.; Musonda, Rosemary; Jungmann, E; Tembo, F.; Zekeng, Léopold

doi:10.1097/00126334-200012010-00008

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The sentinel group of pregnant women in Brazil was selected to estimate prevalence of HIV infection because, despite limitations suggested by some authors [17,18], it is the population group that best represents infection rates among all women of reproductive age [9,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV testing during pregnancy: use of secondary data to estimate 2006 test coverage and prevalence in Brazil

Cl¹,

A²,

Pr³

et al. 2008

Braz J Infect Dis

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This paper describes a methodological proposal based on secondary data and the main results of the HIV-Sentinel Study among childbearing women, carried out in Brazil during 2006. A probabilistic sample of childbearing women was selected in two stages. In the first stage, 150 health establishments were selected, stratified by municipality size (<50,000; 50,000-399,999; 400,000+). In the second stage, 100-120 women were selected systematically. Data collection was based on HIV-test results registered in pre-natal cards and in hospital records. The analysis focused on coverage of HIV-testing during pregnancy and HIV prevalence rate. Logistic regression models were used to test inequalities in HIV-testing coverage during pregnancy by macro-region of residence, municipality size, race, educational level and age group. The study included 16,158 women. Results were consistent with previous studies based on primary data collection. Among the women receiving pre-natal care with HIV-test results registered in their pre-natal cards, HIV prevalence was 0.41%. Coverage of HIV-testing during pregnancy was 62.3% in the country as a whole, but ranged from 40.6% in the Northeast to 85.8% in the South. Significant differences according to race, educational level and municipality size were also found. The proposed methodology is low-cost, easy to apply, and permits identification of problems in routine service provision, in addition to monitoring compliance with Ministry of Health recommendations for pre-natal care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV testing during pregnancy: use of secondary data to estimate 2006 test coverage and prevalence in Brazil

Cl¹,

A²,

Pr³

et al. 2008

Braz J Infect Dis

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“…Blood was collected for anonymous and unlinked HIV testing. Similar methods have been described elsewhere (Buvé et al 2001;Glynn et al 2000). Specimens collected were transferred to the haematology laboratory of the University Teaching Hospital in Yaounde (UTH) were serum samples were tested using approved national algorithms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Associated Factors among Specific Population Subgroups in Cameroon

et al. 2007

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The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with HIV infection among specific population subgroups and complement the HIV surveillance system in Cameroon. Five subgroups (truck drivers, female-sex-workers, university students, health service providers, and residents along Chad-Cameroon petroleum pipeline) were targeted in 2004. Potential participants were approached at their geographically diverse areas and consented to participate in the study. Anonymous blood samples were collected. 4,011 participants were surveyed (35% students, 25% sex-workers, 20% pipeline residents, 12.5% health service providers, 7.5% truck drivers). HIV prevalence was highest among sex-workers [26.4%, (95% CI, 23.6-29.2)], pipeline residents [19.9% (95% CI, 17.1-22.7)] and truck drivers [16.3% (95% CI, 12.3-20.9)] and lowest among health service providers [5.2% (95% CI, 3.4-7.5)] and university students [3.8% (95% CI, 2.9-5.0)]. Risky sexual behaviours were practiced in all subpopulations. Multivariable analysis shows in female-sex-workers that; older age, residing in the grassland region (Northwest and West Provinces) and inconstant condom use were significantly associated with HIV infection. Despite a moderate HIV prevalence in the general Cameroonian population, some subgroups are at much higher risk for HIV transmission and practicing risky sexual behaviours. There is need for expanded prevention and care programs with emphasis on truck drivers, sex-workers and pipeline residents.

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“…94,95 Syphilis may cause secondary infertility or explain existing sub-fertility, 96 amenorrhoea and anovulation. Longer birth interval 97 , widowhood and divorce not followed by remarriage are other factors that may contribute to decreased fertility. 98 In addition, reduced sexual activity will reduce the opportunity to get pregnant.…”

Section: Infertility and Assisted Conceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Choice for Women and Men Living with HIV: Contraception, Abortion and Fertility

Delvaux¹,

Nöstlinger

2007

Reproductive Health Matters

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From a policy and programmatic point of view, this paper reviews the literature on the fertility-related needs of women and men living with HIV and how the entry points represented by family planning, sexually transmitted infection and HIV-related services can ensure access to contraception, abortion and fertility services for women and men living with HIV. Most contraceptive methods are safe and effective for HIV positive women and men. The existing range of contraceptive options should be available to people living with HIV, along with more information about and access to emergency contraception. Potential drug interaction must be considered between hormonal contraception and treatment for tuberculosis and certain antiretroviral drugs. Couples living with HIV who wish to use a permanent contraceptive method should have access to female sterilisation and vasectomy in an informed manner, free of coercion. How to promote condoms and dual protection and how to make them acceptable in long term-relationships remains a challenge. Both surgical and medical abortion are safe for women living with HIV. To reduce risk of vertical transmission of HIV and in cases of infertility, people with HIV should have access to sperm washing and other assisted conception methods, if these are available. Simple and cost-effective procedures to reduce risk of vertical transmission should be part of counselling for women and men living with HIV who intend to have children. Support for the reproductive rights of people with HIV is a priority. More operations research on best practices is needed. A2007 Reproductive Health Matters. All rights reserved.

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Decreased Fertility Among HIV-1–Infected Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Three African Cities

Cited by 56 publications

References 12 publications

HIV testing during pregnancy: use of secondary data to estimate 2006 test coverage and prevalence in Brazil

HIV testing during pregnancy: use of secondary data to estimate 2006 test coverage and prevalence in Brazil

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Associated Factors among Specific Population Subgroups in Cameroon

Reproductive Choice for Women and Men Living with HIV: Contraception, Abortion and Fertility

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