Decreased Incidence of Infections Caused by Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food During the COVID-19 Pandemic — Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2017–2020

Ray, Logan; Collins, Jennifer; Griffin, Patricia M.; Shah, Hazel J; Boyle, Michelle M.; Cieslak, Paul R.; Dunn, John R.; Lathrop, Sarah; McGuire, Suzanne; Rissman, Tamara; Walter, Elaine Scallan; Smith, Kirk E.; Tobin-D’Angelo, Melissa; Wymore, Katie; Kufel, Joanna Zablotsky; Wolpert, Beverly J.; Tauxe, Robert V.; Payne, Daniel C.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7038a4

Cited by 80 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The 8% decrease in enteric infections reported to FoodNet during 2021 compared with the annual average during 2016–2018 suggests ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously published FoodNet data ( 2 ) and other studies using data from 2020 ( 5 – 7 ) support the occurrence of two pandemic-related phenomena: decreased transmission and incidence of enteric infections (i.e., due to pandemic control measures) and underascertainment of infections related to changes in health care–seeking behaviors (e.g., increased use of telemedicine). The relatively low percentage of infections associated with international travel during 2021 (7%) and 2020 (5%) ( 2 ) support occurrence of the former.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…During 2021, the incidence of infections caused by Salmonella decreased, incidence of infections caused by Cyclospora , Yersinia , and Vibrio increased, and incidence of infections caused by other pathogens did not change. As in 2020, behavioral modifications and public health interventions implemented to control the COVID-19 pandemic might have decreased transmission of enteric infections ( 2 ). Other factors (e.g., increased use of telemedicine and continued increase in use of culture-independent diagnostic tests [CIDTs]) might have altered their detection or reporting ( 2 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in 2020, behavioral modifications and public health interventions implemented to control the COVID-19 pandemic might have decreased transmission of enteric infections ( 2 ). Other factors (e.g., increased use of telemedicine and continued increase in use of culture-independent diagnostic tests [CIDTs]) might have altered their detection or reporting ( 2 ). Much work remains to achieve HHS Healthy People 2030 goals, particularly for Salmonella infections, which are frequently attributed to poultry products and produce, and Campylobacter infections, which are frequently attributed to chicken products ( 3 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FoodNet’s catchment area (Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, New Mexico, Oregon, Tennessee, and selected counties in California, Colorado, and New York) includes approximately 15% of the U.S. population (an estimated 50 million persons in 2020). Bacterial infections were diagnosed by culture or CIDT; Cyclospora infections were diagnosed by microscopy or polymerase chain reaction ( 2 ). The frequencies of hospitalizations, * deaths, † outbreak-associated infections, § and international travel–associated infections ¶ were calculated overall and by pathogen; unknown results were classified as “no.” Incidence was calculated by dividing the number of laboratory-diagnosed infections in 2021 by 2020 U.S. Census Bureau population estimates for the surveillance area.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections Caused by Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food — Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2016–2021

Collins¹,

Shah²,

Weller³

et al. 2022

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections Caused by Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food — Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2016–2021

Collins¹,

Shah²,

Weller³

et al. 2022

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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“…3 The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network of the United States reported 104 confirmed cases, with an incidence of 0.2 per 100, 000 population, 22 deaths (21.2%, highest fatality rate of all foodborne diseases) during 2020. 4 At the same year, 1876 confirmed human cases of listeriosis and 167 deaths were reported by 27 European countries, the incidence rate was 0.42 cases per 100, 000 population. The overall case fatality across the European Union was 13.0%, a minor decline from the previous years (13.6% in 2018 and 17.6% in 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Characterization of a Clinical Listeria monocytogenes ST1 Isolate Recovered from the Blood Sample of a Woman with Third Trimester Stillbirth

Ge¹,

Xu²,

Ruan³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background: Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne gram-positive bacterium which causes adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here, the genomic and phylogenetic characteristics of a L. monocytogenes isolate obtained from blood sample of a third trimester pregnant woman with stillbirth are investigated. Methods: Whole genome DNA of L. monocytogenes ST1 was sequenced with HiSeq X Ten platform. The NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline was used to annotate the genome sequence. The sequence type (ST) and antimicrobial resistance genes were then identified. The core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) analysis with other closely related L. monocytogenes stored in the NCBI GenBank database was performed using BacWGSTdb 2.0. Results: The complete genome sequence of L. monocytogenes ST1 is made up of 20 contigs totaling 2,914,725 bp, with 2886 proteincoding sequences and a GC content of 37.9%. Fosfomycin [fosX], Lincosamide antibiotic [lin] and peptide antibiotic [mprF] were discovered as antimicrobial resistance genes. In silico serogroup typing prediction revealed that L. monocytogenes ST1 belonged to serotype IVb. The closest relative of L. monocytogenes ST1, obtained from Poland in 2015, differs by only 15 cgMLST alleles. Conclusion:We identified a L. monocytogenes ST1 strain from blood sample of a woman with third trimester stillbirth in China. These discoveries would aid in our understanding of the genomic characteristics, mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, and epidemiological features of this pathogen.

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Impact of infections on the incidence of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in children

Gilbert

Abend

Hutchinson

et al. 2023

Annals of the Child Neurology Society

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Objectives Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) is the leading cause of acute flaccid paralysis in children and hypothesized to be triggered by antecedent infection. We sought to determine the association between AIDP and commonly acquired community infections in children. We utilized the reduction in these infections due to measures during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) to serve as a natural experiment and determine their contribution to AIDP. Methods This cross‐sectional study used administrative and billing data from children's hospitals contributing to the Pediatric Health Information System. We included hospitalizations of children with a diagnosis of AIDP from (January 2017 through February 2021). Encounters for infection‐ (including respiratory, gastrointestinal, and COVID‐19) related diagnoses were measured as a marker of community incidence. Results A total of 1111 index encounters for AIDP were included. Pre‐COVID‐19, AIDP was not associated with respiratory or gastrointestinal infections, specifically, influenza or campylobacter. During the COVID‐19 period from March 2020 to February 2021, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and influenza infections decreased compared to expected (for the same time of year pre‐COVID‐19) by 59.6%–90.1%, 51.5%–68.9%, and 54.5%–97.9%, respectively. In contrast, AIDP hospitalizations and all hospitalizations only decreased by 11.5%–39.3% and 14.2%–25%, respectively. COVID‐19 was not positively associated with AIDP overall or at individual hospitals. Interpretation Common community‐acquired infections including COVID‐19 were not strongly associated with hospitalizations for AIDP in children. AIDP persisted despite the dramatic reduction in infection‐related encounters during the pandemic. These results suggest that recent antecedent community‐acquired infections were not the primary driver of AIDP and that alternative triggers should be explored.

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Decreased Incidence of Infections Caused by Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food During the COVID-19 Pandemic — Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2017–2020

Cited by 80 publications

References 7 publications

Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections Caused by Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food — Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2016–2021

Preliminary Incidence and Trends of Infections Caused by Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food — Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2016–2021

Genomic Characterization of a Clinical Listeria monocytogenes ST1 Isolate Recovered from the Blood Sample of a Woman with Third Trimester Stillbirth

Impact of infections on the incidence of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in children

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