Decreased microbiome diversity in the HIV small airway epithelium

Xu, Stella; Tsai, Amy S.; Sze, Marc A.; Vucic, Emily A.; Shaipanich, Tawimas; Harris, Marianne; Guillemi, Silvia; Yang, Julia; Sinha, Sunita; Nislow, Corey; Montaner, Julio S. G.; Lam, Wan L.; Lam, Stephen; Sin, Don D.; Man, S. F. Paul; Leung, Janice M.

doi:10.1186/s12931-018-0835-7

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked to multiple disease states, including in ammatory bowel disease and critical illness (5,6). Measures of diversity are possibly the most wellknown parameter describing a microbiome (7), however, the composition (or relative abundance of certain phyla or taxa), as well as the total microbial burden are also relevant characteristics (1,(8)(9)(10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Corticosteroids on the Respiratory Microbiome: A Systematic Review

Hartmann

Albrich

Dmitrijeva

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Since its discovery, the respiratory microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple pulmonary diseases. Even though corticosteroid treatments are widely prescribed for pulmonary diseases, their effects on the respiratory microbiome are still poorly understood. This systematic review summarises the current understanding of the effects of corticosteroids on the microbiome of the airways. The primary outcomes of interest were changes in the diversity, composition and total burden of the respiratory microbiome as assessed by culture-independent molecular methods.Results: According to the PRISMA guidelines, Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were systematically searched for all observational or randomised-controlled studies comparing the microbiome parameters of patients receiving corticosteroids to those of controls. Only five studies out of 1943 identified reports could be included: two on patients with asthma, two on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and one on patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. The studies were highly heterogeneous with regards to the methods used and the populations investigated. Microbiome diversity increased with corticosteroids at least transiently in 3 studies and decreased in one study. The effects of corticosteroids on the composition of the respiratory microbiome were significant but without a clear shared direction. A significant increase in microbial burden after corticosteroids was seen in one study. Conclusions: Data on the effect of corticosteroids on the respiratory microbiome are still limited, with considerable heterogeneity between studies. However, available data suggest that corticosteroid treatment may have significant effects on the composition and possibly the diversity of the respiratory microbiome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Corticosteroids on the Respiratory Microbiome: A Systematic Review

Hartmann

Albrich

Dmitrijeva

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…For example, recently published studies have suggested that lung disease in PWH could be related to factors such as a potential latent lung HIV reservoir, persistent viral protein production (e.g. Nef and Tat), oxidative stress, and alterations in the respiratory microbiome [23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory symptoms and chronic bronchitis in people with and without HIV infection

Sabin¹,

Kunisaki

Bagkeris³

et al. 2020

HIV Medicine

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High rates of respiratory symptoms and chronic bronchitis (CB) are reported in people with HIV infection (PWH). We investigated the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and CB in PWH and HIV-negative people in the Pharmacokinetic and clinical Observations in PeoPle over fiftY (POPPY) study. Methods Assessment of respiratory symptoms and CB was undertaken using the modified form of the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Univariate (v 2 tests, Mann-Whitney U tests and Spearman's rank correlation) and multivariable (linear and logistic regression) analyses were performed to consider associations of respiratory symptoms with demographic, lifestyle and HIV-related parameters, and with depressive symptoms and quality of life. Results Among the 619 participants, respiratory Symptom scores were higher in older and younger PWH compared to older HIV-negative people, with median (interquartile range) scores of 17.7 (6.2, 39.5), 17.5 (0.9, 30.0) and 9.0 (0.9, 17.5), respectively (P = 0.0001); these differences remained significant after confounder adjustment. Sixty-three participants (10.2%) met the criteria for CB [44 (14.0%) older PWH, 14 (9.2%) younger PWH, and five (3.3%) older HIV-negative people; P = 0.002], with these differences also remaining after adjustment for confounding variables, particularly smoking status [older vs. younger PWH: odds ratio (OR) 4.48 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.64, 12.30); P = 0.004; older PWH vs. HIV-negative people: OR 4.53 (95% CI 1.12, 18.28); P = 0.03]. Respiratory symptoms and CB were both associated with greater depressive symptom scores and poorer quality of life. No strong associations were reported between CB and immune function, HIV RNA or previous diagnosis of any AIDS event. Conclusions Respiratory symptoms and CB are more common in PWH than in demographically and lifestylesimilar HIV-negative people and are associated with poorer mental health and quality of life.

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“…Feature selection was performed using the Boruta method to determine which bacterial contributors are important to the observed differences between groups 16 . Microbiome toolsets have incorporated Boruta as a feature selection method, 17 and it has previously been used to analyze human microbiota in several studies 18‐20 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

House dust microbiota and atopic dermatitis; effect of urbanization

Mahdavinia

Greenfield

Botha

et al. 2021

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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Background Previous studies have shown that a child's risk of developing atopic disease is impacted by both genetic and environmental factors. Because small children spend the majority of their time in their homes, exposure to microbial factors in their home environment may be protective or risk factors for development of atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis. Methods Dust samples from the homes of 86 Black South African children 12 to 36 months old were collected for analysis of the bacterial microbiome. This case‐control study design included children with and without atopic dermatitis from rural and urban environments. Results Significant differences in bacterial composition and diversity were found when comparing children with and without atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, house dust microbiota was significantly different in rural and urban areas. Differences were best accounted for by higher relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Bacteroidaceae families in rural compared with urban houses. Levels of Ruminococcaceae were also found to be significantly depleted in the house dust of rural children with atopic dermatitis as compared to control children. Conclusions House dust composition may be an important risk factor for the development of atopic disease, and this association may be driven in part by the gut microbiome. Low levels of the Ruminococcaceae family from Clostridia class in particular may explain the association between urban living and atopy. However, further research is needed to elucidate these links.

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Decreased microbiome diversity in the HIV small airway epithelium

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

The Effects of Corticosteroids on the Respiratory Microbiome: A Systematic Review

The Effects of Corticosteroids on the Respiratory Microbiome: A Systematic Review

Respiratory symptoms and chronic bronchitis in people with and without HIV infection

House dust microbiota and atopic dermatitis; effect of urbanization

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