Decreased natural killer activity in patients with liver cirrhosis

Nakamura, Tatsuya; Morizane, Toshio; Watanabe, Tetsu; Tsuchimoto, Kanji; Inagaki, Yasutaka; Kumagai, Naoya; Tsuchiya, Masaharu

doi:10.1002/ijc.2910320509

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These include changes in intestinal permeability, altered gut motility, gastrointestinal bleeding, bacterial overgrowth and changes in hepatic clearance, all of which may favour bacterial translocation and the development of endotoxemia [2,[36][37][38][39]. Other changes include dysfunction of the reticuloendothelial system, 90% of which is located within the liver [40,41], a reduction in the phagocytic capacity of monocytes and impaired function of macrophage Fc receptors [42,43], acquired deficiency of complement C3 due to reduced hepatic synthesis [44], deficient neutrophil recruitment and impaired phagocytic activity [45], reduced opsonic activity of ascitic fluid [46], decreased natural killer cell activity [47] and a marked reduction in leukocyte chemotaxis [48]. Finally, the cirrhotic patient is often subjected to invasive procedures that increase risk of nosocomial infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of antibiotics on expression and function of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 on mononuclear cells in patients with advanced cirrhosis

Testro

Gow

Angus

et al. 2010

Journal of Hepatology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of antibiotics on expression and function of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 on mononuclear cells in patients with advanced cirrhosis

Testro

Gow

Angus

et al. 2010

Journal of Hepatology

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“…A reduction in peripheral blood NK activity in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) has been reported (12,13,21,28). Hata et al investigated hepatic NK activity using transplanted liver and reported a reduction in hepatic NK activity in advanced liver disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

Liver‐Associated Natural Killer Activity in Cirrhotic Rats

Shirachi

Sata

Miyajima

et al. 1998

Microbiology and Immunology

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An impaired host defense mechanism is well known in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). Using a sinusoidal lavage method, lymphocytes were obtained from LC rats that were administered thioacetamide, and natural killer (NK) activity was measured by 5lCr‐release assay. The NK cell count was measured by flow cytometric analysis using monoclonal antibody (Mab) 3.2.3 and/or CD 3‐8+ as markers for NK cells, and by immunohistochemical staining using Mab 3.2.3. Furthermore, interferon (IFN) α was administered to LC rats and the subsequent changes in hepatic NK activity and NK cell count were observed. In the large granular lymphocyte (LGL)‐rich fraction (Fr.1, LGLs: 60‐90%), the NK activity was significantly lower in the LC rats (40.0±3.8%) compared to that in the control rats (48.4±4.3%) (P<0.005). In addition, the number of NK cells in the liver tissues of the LC rats was significantly lower compared to that in the liver tissues of the control rats by morphometric analysis (P<0.05). For LC rats, NK activity of the Fr.1 24 hr after IFNα administration (5×104 IU / 100 g body weight) increased significantly (P<0.005). Hepatic NK activity and NK cell count were reduced in the LC rats, and recovered following IFNα administration. The results obtained in this study may give clues to better understanding the impaired host defense mechanism in LC patients.

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“…Both liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice are known to result in some kind of immune defect: liver cirrhosis results in polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia with enhanced concentrations of IgG, IgM, IgA (Feizi, 1968;Wilson et al, 1969;Iturriaga et al, 1977;Husby et al, 1977) and IgE (van Epps et al, 1976), but cellular immunity is defective; peripheral blood T cells (Bereny et al, 1974;Thomas et al, 1976), delayed-type hypersensitivity (MacSween & Thomas, 1973;Berenyi et al, 1974;Thomas, 1977), lymphocyte proliferation (MacSween & Thomas, 1973;Berenyi et al, 1974) and natural killer cell function (Nakamura (? ;Charpentiere/fl/., 1984) are all diminished in liver cirrhosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor and soluble CD8 in liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice

Wagner

Lersch

et al. 1990

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYActivated lymphocytes secrete soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R); CD8-positive lymphocytes secrete soluble CD8 (sCD8). Liver dysfunction in cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice is known to result in depressed cellular immunity. To evaluate whether this is due to real inactivation of the immune system, we measured sIL-2R and sCD8 in the serum of 46 patients with liver cirrhosis, 25 patients with obstructive jaundice, 32 patients with alcoholic liver disease without evidence of cirrhosis, 23 healthy persons and 43 patients with unrelated disease. sIL-2R in patients with cirrhosis (mean + s.e.m. 1499+140 U/ml) and obstructive jaundice (1517 + 204) was significantly increased compared with healthy subjects (363 ± 29) and patients with unrelated diseases (685 ± 92); sCD8 was significantly increased in patients with cirrhosis (737 ±63) but not in patients with obstructive jaundice (419 + 32) compared with healthy subjects (322 + 23) and patients with unrelated diseases (375 + 22). No diflference was found between patients with cirrhosis due to alcohol abuse (n = 15) and chronic hepatitis B (« = 6). The Child-Pugh score had no significant influence on the sIL-2R or sCD8 value. In obstructive jaundice, sIL-2R correlated with alkaline phosphatase as marker of cholestasis (r = 0 43). These data show that in spite ofthe apparent depressed cellular immune defense both in liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice there is a general activation of the immune system but the CD8+ cell compartment is only activated in liver cirrhosis. The great changes of sIL-2R and sCD8 in liver dysfunction are important for the interpretation of studies using these serum proteins as markers for immune activation.

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Decreased natural killer activity in patients with liver cirrhosis

Cited by 33 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of antibiotics on expression and function of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 on mononuclear cells in patients with advanced cirrhosis

Effects of antibiotics on expression and function of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 on mononuclear cells in patients with advanced cirrhosis

Liver‐Associated Natural Killer Activity in Cirrhotic Rats

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor and soluble CD8 in liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice

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