Decreased Plasma Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Uraemic Patients

In this cross-sectional study, selenium (Se) levels in the sera of 35 hemodialysis (HD) patients and 34 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for more than 3 months were compared with the serum Se levels of 34 healthy volunteers. The observed Se levels of 100.8 ± 51.9 µg/L in the sera of the HD patients and of 65.5 ± 32.1 µg/L in the sera of the CAPD patients were significantly lower than the 134.9 ± 81.2 µg/L of the controls, with p = 0.002 and 0.02, respectively. Furthermore, the Se levels were significantly higher in the HD rather than the CAPD patients (p = 0.01). In the spent dialysate effluent fluid of 32 of the CAPD patients Se was undetectable, in the remaining two CAPD patients the Se levels were 1.9 and 4.6μg/l, respectively. The low Se levels of HD and CAPD patients as compared to healthy persons are attributed to diminished Se retention due to chronic oxidative stress.

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“…Although normal Se concentrations have been reported in the advanced stage of CRF [7], lower values have been noted frequently [8][9][10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Diminished Selenium Levels in Hemodialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Pakfetrat

Malekmakan

Hasheminasab

2009

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…It has already been evidenced that in the end stage of CRF, selenium supplementation does not give rise to plasma GSH-Px activity. [27,28] Thus, the question why changes in plasma GSH-Px activity do not occur after renal transplantation as shown by De Vega et al [1] needs to be further investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione and Glutathione Peroxidase Activities in Blood of Patients in Early Stages Following Kidney Transplantation

et al. 2005

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This study focuses on glutathione (GSH) level in red blood cells, as well as on glutathione peroxidases (GSH-Px) activities in red blood cells and in plasma of chronic renal failure (CRF) patients following renal transplantation. We want to focus our main attention on plasma GSH-Px, the selenoenzyme that is synthesized primarily in the kidney. In CRF patients, activity of this enzyme is significantly reduced, and the reduction decreases with the progress of the disease, reaching in the end-stage 20% to 30% of the activity of healthy patients. We have shown that following renal transplantation the activity of plasma GSH-Px is restored very rapidly, and 2 weeks after surgery it reached the value of the control group. Red blood cell GSH level is significantly higher in CRF patients, and following transplantation, no significant changes were observed. Red blood cell GSH-Px activity before transplantation was the same as in healthy patients and did not change significantly after surgery.

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“…Higher negative correlations were found by Ceballos-Picot et al (1996) and Yoshimura et al (1996). In patients on hemodialysis (HD), plasma Se concentration was also significantly lower than in healthy subjects, and the degree of the reduction was very often similar to that in non-dialyzed patients (Kallistratos et al, 1985;Dworkin et al, 1987;Foote et al, 1987;Kuroda et al, 1988;Saint-Georges et al, 1989;Richard et al, 1991;Girelli et al, 1993;Bonomini et al, 1996;Ceballos-Picot et al, 1996;Lachili et al, 1996;Yoshimura et al, 1996;Zachara et al, 2000a). Dworkin et al (1987) have shown that in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), Se concentration in blood components was significantly lower than in HD patients.…”

Section: Selenium In Blood Components Of Chronic Kidney Disease Patientsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Although some investigators did not find any difference between CKD patients and healthy subjects regarding whole blood or plasma Se concentrations (Tsukamoto et al, 1980;Lockitch, 1989;Milly et al, 1992), significantly lower values have been more often shown in the former group (Dworkin et al, 1987;Foote et al, 1987;Richard et al, 1991;Girelli et al, 1993;Ceballos-Picot et al, 1996;Yoshimura et al, 1996;Vural et al, 2005;Zachara et al, 2000a;2001c). Several authors have found that in non-dialyzed CKD patients the overall plasma Se concentration from incipient to the end-stage of the disease is by 12.5-44.1% lower than in healthy subjects (Kallistratos et al, 1985;Richard et al, 1991;Girelli et al, 1993;Loughrey et al, 1994;Ceballos-Picot et al, 1996;Zachara et al, 2000a). Zachara et al (2000b) reveal that in the early stage of the disease, Se concentration in whole blood and plasma does not significantly differ from the value of the control group.…”

Section: Selenium In Blood Components Of Chronic Kidney Disease Patientsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Red blood cell and plasma glutathione peroxidase activities and selenium concentration in patients with chronic kidney disease: a review.

Zachara

Gromadzińska²,

Wąsowicz³

et al. 2006

Acta Biochim Pol

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The metabolism of oxygen in aerobic organisms leads to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These entities are able to oxidize almost all classes of macromolecules, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. The physiological level of ROS is usually regulated by antioxidant defense mechanisms. There are at least three groups of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutases, catalases and glutathione peroxidases (GSH-Pxs) which neutralize ROS. The trace elements (copper, zinc and selenium) bound to the active sites of the above listed enzymes play an important role in the antioxidant defense system. In mammals, a major function of selenium (Se) and Se-dependent GSH-Pxs is to protect cells from oxidative stress. Selenium concentrations and GSH-Px activities are altered in blood components of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The Se level is frequently lower than in healthy subjects and the concentration very often decreases gradually with advancing stage of the disease. Studies on red cell GSH-Px activity in CKD patients reported its values significantly lower, significantly higher and lower or higher, but not significantly as compared with healthy subjects. On the other hand, all authors who studied plasma GSH-Px activity have shown significantly lower values than in healthy subjects. The degree of the reduction decreases gradually with the progression of the disease. High inverse correlations were seen between plasma GSH-Px activity and creatinine level. A gradual decrease in plasma GSH-Px activity in CKD patients is due to the fact that this enzyme is synthesized predominantly in the kidney and thus the impairment of this organ is the cause of the enzyme's lower activity. Se supplementation to CKD patients has a slightly positive effect in the incipient stage of the disease, but usually no effect was observed in end-stage CKD. Presently, kidney transplantation is the only treatment that may restore plasma Se level and GSH-Px activity in patients suffering from end-stage CKD. A few studies have shown that in kidney recipients, plasma Se concentration and GSH-Px activity are restored to normal values within a period of 2 weeks to 3 months following surgery and thus it can be acknowledged that Se supplementation to those patients has a positive effect on plasma GSH-Px activity.

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Decreased Plasma Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Uraemic Patients

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Diminished Selenium Levels in Hemodialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Diminished Selenium Levels in Hemodialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Glutathione and Glutathione Peroxidase Activities in Blood of Patients in Early Stages Following Kidney Transplantation

Red blood cell and plasma glutathione peroxidase activities and selenium concentration in patients with chronic kidney disease: a review.

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