Decreased release of interferon-γ by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of chronic dermatophytosis patients in response to stimulation with trichophytin

Analysis of Trichophyton antigen-induced contact hypersensitivity in mouse

“…Stimulation of PBMC from Trichophyton-infected humans with Trichophytin enhances IFN-g production [7]. We stimulated CLN cells of Trichophytin-sensitized animals with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), b-1,3-glucan, and Trichophytin, and measured IFN-g in the culture supernatants.…”

“…One is the acquired immune system, which recognizes pathogens presented by antigen-presenting cells through antibodies and T cell receptors and operates specific defense mechanisms [4]. The other is the innate immune system, which recognizes components common in pathogens and operates defense mechanisms [5,6] According to existing immunological knowledge concerning Trichophyton-induced inflammation, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) show potent proliferative ability in response to Trichophyton antigen and IFN-g is produced in patients with Trichophyton infection [7]. In the lesions, IFN-g gene expression was found to be enhanced and IFN-g-positive CD4 + cells were present [8,9], suggesting that Trichophyton-induced superficial skin mycosis is Th1-type contact hypersensitivity (CHS) [10].…”

Effect of lactoferrin feeding on the host antifungal response in guinea-pigs infected or immunised with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

“…Third, the development of cell-mediated immunity correlated with delayed hypersensitivity and an inflammatory response is associated with clinical cure, whereas the lack of, or a defective, cell-mediated immunity predisposes the host to chronic or recurrent dermatophyte infection [15,16]. In response to stimulation by Trichophyton antigens, interferon (IFN)-ª, interleukin (IL)-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are produced by peripheral blood MNC obtained from patients with acute dermatophytosis, whereas markedly lower levels of IFN-ª production are found in the case of chronically infected patients [17][18][19][20]. These cytokines released from MNC may participate in the activation of phagocytic cells in the infected site.…”

Immune Surveillance against Dermatophyte Infection

“…In response to dermatophyte antigen in vitro, IFN-γ was produced in peripheral lymphocytes obtained from patients with acute inflammatory dermatophytosis (Koga et al, 1993b). In contrast, markedly lower levels of IFN-γ production were found in chronically infected patients (Koga et al, 1995).…”

“…In recent studies, the production of IFN-γ has been investigated on the DTH response in dermatophytosis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with acute dermatophytosis produce a high level of IFN-γ in response to dermatophyte antigen (Koga et al, 1993b(Koga et al, , 1995. The presence of IFN-γ mRNA in skin lesions of dermatophytosis has been detected by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (Miyata et al, 1996;Ohta et al, 1998).…”