Decreased retinal thickness in preschool offspring of maternal gestational hypertension: the Nanjing Eye Study

Zhao, Xiaoyan; Li, Rui; Huang, Dan; Tong, Haohai; Zhu, Hui; Wang, Yue; Zhang, Xiaohan; Hao, Qingfeng; Sun, Qigang; Hu, Liu

doi:10.1111/aos.14351

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The characteristics of the included studies 19–65 are summarised in Table 1. Data from a total of 33,559 subjects were extracted, of which 31,722 subjects came from population‐based studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal range of ocular biometry in healthy children: A systemic review and meta‐analysis of 33,559 individuals under seven years of age

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Purpose To conduct a systemic review and meta‐analysis on the normative range of ocular biometry in healthy children under seven years of age. Methods A literature search was performed using the PubMed (MEDLINE) database. The main outcomes were normative values of axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), cornea curvature (CC), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT) and vitreous chamber depth (VCD). Pooled estimates were obtained with a random‐effects meta‐analysis. Multivariate meta‐regressions ascertained the moderator‐related trends. Results We included 47 studies for a total of 33,559 subjects. The pooled ALs for 0.0–1.9 years, 2.0–3.9 years and 4.0–6.9 years were 18.33 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.57–19.09), 21.71 mm (21.49–21.93) and 22.37 mm (22.29–22.45), respectively. Children aged 0.0–1.9 years had a greater CCT (576.70 μm, 567.20–586.21), steeper cornea (7.41 mm, 7.16–7.65) and shallower ACD (2.46 mm, 2.23–2.69). LT ranged from 3.65 to 3.74 mm for 0–6 years, and VCD increased from 11.94 mm at birth to 15.36 mm at 4.0–6.9 years. Differences in AL between East Asian and non‐East Asian children were found below two years of age (17.30 mm vs. 18.40 mm, p = 0.008) and for CC at 4.0–6.9 years of age (7.82 mm vs. 7.79 mm, p = 0.004). In a multivariate meta‐regression, AL, CC, ACD and VCD increased with age (p < 0.05 for all), while CCT decreased with age (p = 0.0007). Conclusions This study reports normative data for ocular biometry in children. Few differences were found with ethnicity in the ocular biometry of infants and pre‐schoolers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal range of ocular biometry in healthy children: A systemic review and meta‐analysis of 33,559 individuals under seven years of age

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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“…A comprehensive questionnaire was self-administered by legal guardians at baseline, including parental myopia, outdoor time and near activities time [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of premyopia and myopia in Chinese preschool children: a longitudinal cohort

Liu

Huang

et al. 2021

BMC Ophthalmol

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Backgrounds Myopia has become a global public health problem. Children with early onset of myopia are at particular risk of complications associated with myopia. Younger children and children with greater initial myopic refractive errors are at a greater risk of myopia progression. Therefore, it is essential to identify subjects at high risk of developing myopia to facilitate myopia prevention in the early stage, especially during the preschool period. The purpose of this study was to determine whether premyopia and myopia in preschool children can be predicted by easily obtainable parameters. Methods Data was collected in a population-based cohort. Comprehensive examinations included height, weight, refraction, axial length (AL), and corneal radius of curvature (CR), with a follow-up of 2 years. Parental myopia history was obtained from a questionnaire. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ − 0.50 D. Premyopia was defined as − 0.50 D < SE ≤ + 0.75 D. Multivariate linear regression models were fitted to determine the associations between these parameters at baseline and future SE. To predict premyopia and myopia, Cox proportional hazard regression analysis coupled with a nomogram was used. Results A total of 830 children (433 boys and 397 girls) were included (40.83 ± 3.43 months old at baseline). A significantly negative relationship was observed in the multivariate analysis between baseline AL, AL/CR, two myopic parents, and the future SE after adjusting for age and gender (coefficient = − 0.291, coefficient = − 5.791, coefficient = − 0.273, respectively, both p < 0.001). Higher baseline AL, AL/CR (hazard ratio (HR) = 4.916, HR = 2.979, respectively, comparing the top quartile with the bottom quartile, both p < 0.001) and two myopic parents (HR = 1.756, compared to no myopic parents, p = 0.001) were associated with a higher risk of future onset of premyopia. From the nomogram, AL/CR was found to have the most enormous effect on survival. Different baseline AL and AL/CR values (both Log Rank p < 0.001) had different survival curves. Conclusions AL and AL/CR could be used as obtainable indicators for identifying subjects at high risk of developing premyopia and myopia in young preschool children.

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“…It is not clear why differences in macula thickness exist between ethnic groups. Factors which impact retinal thickness measurements in children include birth weight, prematurity, maternal gestational hypertension, diabetes and smoking, and body mass index [21][22][23][24][25]. However, while these factors may explain some of the variation found in the current study, most have been shown to influence retinal thickness by less than < 6 μm [22][23][24][25] and are therefore unlikely to explain the larger difference found between Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children and non-Indigenous children in this study.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 58%

Retinal thickness in healthy Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children

et al. 2022

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Background Understanding normative retinal thickness characteristics is critical for diagnosis and monitoring of pathology, particularly in those predisposed to retinal disease. The macular retinal layer thickness of Australian Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children was examined using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Methods High-resolution macular optical coherence tomography imaging was performed on 100 Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children and 150 non-Indigenous visually healthy children aged 4–18 years. The imaging protocol included a 6-line radial scan centred on the fovea. Images were segmented using semi-automated software to derive thickness of the total retina, inner and outer retina, and individual retinal layers across the macular region. Repeated measures ANOVAs examined variations in thickness associated with retinal region, age, gender and Indigenous status. Results Retinal thickness showed significant topographical variations (p < 0.01), being thinnest in the foveal zone, and thickest in the parafovea. The retina of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children was significantly thinner than non-Indigenous children in the foveal (p < 0.001), parafoveal (p = 0.002), and perifoveal zones (p = 0.01), with the greatest difference in the foveal zone (mean difference: 14.2 μm). Inner retinal thickness was also thinner in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children compared to non-Indigenous children in the parafoveal zone (p < 0.001), and outer retinal thickness was thinner in the foveal (p < 0.001) and perifoveal zone (p < 0.001). Retinal thickness was also significantly greater in males than females (p < 0.001) and showed a statistically significant positive association with age (p = 0.01). Conclusion There are significant differences in macular retinal thickness between Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children and non-Indigenous children, which has implications for interpreting optical coherence tomography data and may relate to risk of macula disease in this population.

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Decreased retinal thickness in preschool offspring of maternal gestational hypertension: the Nanjing Eye Study

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Normal range of ocular biometry in healthy children: A systemic review and meta‐analysis of 33,559 individuals under seven years of age

Normal range of ocular biometry in healthy children: A systemic review and meta‐analysis of 33,559 individuals under seven years of age

Prediction of premyopia and myopia in Chinese preschool children: a longitudinal cohort

Retinal thickness in healthy Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children

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