Decreases in blood perfusion of the anterior cingulate gyri in Anorexia Nervosa Restricters assessed by SPECT image analysis

Naruo, Tetsuro; Nakabeppu, Yoshiaki; Deguchi, Daisuke; Nagai, Nobuatsu; Tsutsui, Junko; Nakajo, Masayuki; Nozoe, Shigeo

doi:10.1186/1471-244x-1-2

Cited by 76 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In general, neuroimaging studies suggest hyperactivation in regions involved in modulation of visceral responses to salient stimuli during motivation in chronically fooddeprived individuals. This research provides evidence for reduction in activity during rest in prefrontal regions and the anterior cingulate cortex in eating disorders (Delvenne et al, 1999;Naruo et al, 2001;Takano et al, 2001;Wu et al, 1990), with a specific heightened response to presentation of food in the MPFC during hunger (Uher et al, 2004). Our results in normal food motivation also demonstrate a role for the MPFC, a region which showed large increases in response to food before eating in normal weight children and adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Neural mechanisms underlying food motivation in children and adolescents

et al. 2005

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Dramatic increases in childhood obesity necessitate a more complete understanding of neural mechanisms of hunger and satiation in pediatric populations. In this study, normal weight children and adolescents underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning before and after eating a meal. Participants showed increased activation to visual food stimuli in the amygdala, medial frontal/orbitofrontal cortex, and insula in the pre-meal condition; no regions of interest responded in the post-meal condition. These results closely parallel previous findings in adults. In addition, we found evidence for habituation to food stimuli in the amygdala within the pre-meal session. These findings provide evidence that normal patterns of neural activity related to food motivation begin in childhood. Results have implications for obese children and adults, who may have abnormal hunger and satiation mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Neural mechanisms underlying food motivation in children and adolescents

et al. 2005

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“…With regards to functional and morphological changes in the brains of females with AN, some studies have affirmed that the hypoactivity found in the right parietal cortex of these patients (Delvenne, Goldman, Biver, et al, 1997;Delvenne, Goldman, De Maertelaer, & Lotstra, 1999;Delvenne, Goldman, De Maertelaer, et al, 1997;Delvenne et al, 1995;Nozoe et al, 1993Nozoe et al, , 1995 and the hypoactivity found in the anterior cingulated cortex (Kojima et al, 2005;Naruo et al, 2001) reverted after weight gain (Delvenne et al, 1996;Miller et al, 2004), while others found the opposite results (Kojima et al, 2005;Van Kuyk et al, 2009). The cerebral areas most commonly associated with impaired functioning in patients with AN are the parietal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, gyrus lingualis within the occipital cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, nucleus caudatus, and insula (Grunwald et al, 2001;Sachdev, Mondraty, Wen, & Gulliford, 2008).…”

Section: Brain Structurementioning

confidence: 98%

Neuropsychological Impairments in Anorexia Nervosa: A Spanish Sample Pilot Study

Oltra-Cucarella

Espert

Rojo

et al. 2013

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

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This work was aimed at obtaining a profile of neuropsychological impairments in young Spanish participants with anorexia nervosa (AN) to demonstrate that right-hemisphere and frontal capacity impairments are present not only in the acute phase but also after weight recovery in a Spanish sample compared with a healthy control group. Twelve patients with AN in the acute phase (body mass index [BMI] < 17) were compared both to 16 healthy control subjects and 12 weight-recovered AN participants (BMI ! 17) matched by age, IQ, and educational level by utilizing a wide neuropsychological battery. Differences were found between AN groups only for long-term verbal memory, which worsens as BMI increases. Among participants with AN as a group, results showed differences in speed of information processing, working memory, visual memory, and inhibition, unrelated to attentional capabilities. We cannot support the hypothesis of a specific right cerebral dysfunction in patients with AN. A general cognitive dysfunction, primarily in information processing, working memory, visual and verbal memory, as well as frontal impairments such as impulsivity and poor behavioral control, appeared unrelated to BMI. We support previous works affirming that neuropsychological impairments in AN are not a consequence of the illness but a risk factor for it to develop.

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“…The evidence of the unbalanced ACC activity in mood disorders is extremely wide, for any interest, reader's attention is readdressed to some interesting works [Cotter t al., 2001;Mirza et al, 2004;Thomas et al, 2004;Fornito et al, 2007;Moore et al, 2007;Weis et al, 2007; Bhagwagar et al, 2008; Boes et al, 2008]. Drug abuse disorders [Bouras et al, 2001;Fishbein et al, 2005;Hao et al, 2005;Mohila and Onn, 2005], eating disorders [Naruo et al, 2001;Muhlau et al, 2007;Penas-Lledo et al, 2007], personality disorders [Degos et al, 1993;Takahashi et al, 2002;Haas et al, 2007], and anxiety disorders [Paulus et al, 2004;Butler et al, 2005;Phan et al, 2005;Milad et al, 2007;Bryant et al, 2008;Yucel et al, 2008] have also been associated with disruptions in the ACC. Despite this relevance, there is poor experiment evidence on animals and genetic investigations that focused on this part of the brain with a specific attention devoted to the serotonin receptor 2C.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Focus on HTR2C: A possible suggestion for genetic studies of complex disorders

Drago

Serretti

2009

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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HTR2C is one of the most relevant and investigated serotonin receptors. Its role in important brain structures such as the midbrain, the lateral septal complex, the hypothalamus, the olfactory bulb, the pons, the choroid plexus, the nucleus pallidus, the striatum and the amygdala, the nucleus accumbens and the anterior cingulated gyrus candidate it as a promising target for genetic association studies. The biological relevance of these brain structures is reviewed by way of the focus on HTR2C activity, with a special attention paid to psychiatric disorders. Evidence from the genetic association studies that dealt with HTR2C is reviewed and discussed alongside the findings derived from the neuronatmic investigations. The reasons for the discrepancies between these two sets of reports are discussed. As a result, HTR2C is shown to play a pivotal role in many different psychiatric behaviors or psychiatric related disrupted molecular balances, nevertheless, genetic association studies brought inconsistent results so far. The most replicated association involve the feeding behavior and antipsychotic induced side effects, both weight gain and motor related: Cys23Ser (rs6318) and -759C/T (rs3813929) report the most consistent results. The lack of association found in other independent studies dampens the clinical impact of these reports. Here, we report a possible explanation for discrepant findings that is poorly or not at all usually considered, that is that HTR2C may exert different or even opposite activities in the brain depending on the structure analyzed and that mRNA editing activity may compensate possible genetically controlled functional effects. The incomplete coverage of the HTR2C variants is proposed as the best cost-benefit ratio bias to fix. The evidence of brain area specific HTR2C mRNA editing opens a debate about how the brain can differently modulate stress events, and process antidepressant treatments, in different brain areas. The mRNA editing activity on HTR2C may play a major role for the negative association results.

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Decreases in blood perfusion of the anterior cingulate gyri in Anorexia Nervosa Restricters assessed by SPECT image analysis

Cited by 76 publications

References 15 publications

Neural mechanisms underlying food motivation in children and adolescents

Neural mechanisms underlying food motivation in children and adolescents

Neuropsychological Impairments in Anorexia Nervosa: A Spanish Sample Pilot Study

Focus on HTR2C: A possible suggestion for genetic studies of complex disorders

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